Sobre la actuación criminal grupal como organización criminal dentro de la estructura orgánica del Estado
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
Para afirmar la existencia de una organización criminal desde la legislación internacional
(convencional) y nacional, debe cumplirse con verificar los concretos elementos del tipo que la
caracterizan y diferencian de otras formas de actuación criminal grupal. Sin embargo, no se ha
discutido si dichas características esenciales se cumplen siempre de modo similar en todas las
manifestaciones de una organización criminal, o si aquélla adquiere características particulares
cuando la concertación criminal se da entre funcionarios públicos y en el seno de la estructura
orgánica estatal (dentro del ente estatal); es decir, se debe analizar si los elementos esenciales que
definen lo que es una organización criminal deben reinterpretarse, flexibilizarse o adaptarse
cuando se impute que la organización criminal opera dentro de la estructura estatal.
En esa línea, la presente investigación explora y expone los fundamentos teóricos que
explican cómo la actuación criminal grupal (organización criminal) adquiere características
especiales cuando se da en el seno de la funcionalidad institucional de la estructura orgánica del
Estado. A partir de ello, se desarrolla cuáles son y como operan dichas características que la
distinguen de una organización criminal común o cualquier otro tipo de organización criminal.
Finalmente, se debe señalar que en este trabajo se utiliza la dogmática jurídica como
método para la construcción lógica de su contenido, al definir y explicar el fenómeno estudiado:
una organización criminal dentro del aparato del Estado.
The affirmation of the existence of a criminal organization under both international (conventional) and domestic legal frameworks requires the verification of highly specific constitutive elements that define and distinguish such an entity from any other form of criminal group. Nevertheless, scholarly debate has yet to adequately address whether these essential characteristics can be fully satisfied in their current formulation when the underlying criminal concert arises among public officials and within the structural framework of the State apparatus itself; or whether these definitional elements ought to be reinterpreted, adapted, or conceptually reframed when the alleged criminal organization is embedded within the institutional structure of the State. In pursuit of this inquiry, the present study systematically examines and elaborates upon the theoretical foundations supporting the proposition that the institutional functionality of the State’s organic structure necessitates that collective criminal conduct, when materialized as an internal criminal organization, acquires distinctive and sui generis characteristics. The analysis delineates these attributes, thereby demonstrating that such a phenomenon is analytically distinguishable from ordinary criminal organizations or other conventional forms of organized criminality. Finally, it must be emphasized that this work employs a juridical-dogmatic methodology, providing a logically coherent conceptual construction of the phenomenon under examination: the existence of a criminal organization operating within the machinery of the State.
The affirmation of the existence of a criminal organization under both international (conventional) and domestic legal frameworks requires the verification of highly specific constitutive elements that define and distinguish such an entity from any other form of criminal group. Nevertheless, scholarly debate has yet to adequately address whether these essential characteristics can be fully satisfied in their current formulation when the underlying criminal concert arises among public officials and within the structural framework of the State apparatus itself; or whether these definitional elements ought to be reinterpreted, adapted, or conceptually reframed when the alleged criminal organization is embedded within the institutional structure of the State. In pursuit of this inquiry, the present study systematically examines and elaborates upon the theoretical foundations supporting the proposition that the institutional functionality of the State’s organic structure necessitates that collective criminal conduct, when materialized as an internal criminal organization, acquires distinctive and sui generis characteristics. The analysis delineates these attributes, thereby demonstrating that such a phenomenon is analytically distinguishable from ordinary criminal organizations or other conventional forms of organized criminality. Finally, it must be emphasized that this work employs a juridical-dogmatic methodology, providing a logically coherent conceptual construction of the phenomenon under examination: the existence of a criminal organization operating within the machinery of the State.
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Palabras clave
Crimen organizado--Perú, Derecho penal--Perú, Delitos de los funcionarios--Perú, Cohecho--Legislación--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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