La activación de mecanismos de protección a Comunidades Nativas frente a los daños del mercado ilícito de hoja de coca y derivados cocaínicos
Date
2024-09-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación explora la activación de mecanismos de protección de
Comunidades Nativas (CCNN) frente a los daños asociados al mercado ilícito de
hoja de coca y derivados cocaínicos. Se emplea un diseño metodológico
cualitativo basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas dirigidas a líderes indígenas
de CCNN ubicadas en una zona cocalera del departamento de Junín, y a
efectivos policiales de la localidad, así como revisión de archivo de la normativa
sobre Comunidades nativas (CCNN) y mecanismos multisectoriales para la
protección de CCNN. Los resultados muestran que la activación de mecanismos
de protección se asocia a la promoción de mercados asociados al Desarrollo
Alternativo; al control frente a la usurpación de terrenos ubicados en CCCNN; a
la protección de líderes indígenas; y a la promoción de alianzas estratégicas
entre las CCNN y la policía. En base a los resultados se discute la potencialidad
de modelos policiales de tipo proactivo como medidas efectivas para la reducción
de los daños asociados al mercado ilícito de hoja de coca y derivados cocaínicos
que afectan a las Comunidades Nativas (CCNN) del Perú. Se recomienda el
impulso de políticas públicas que generan alianzas estratégicas entre la policía
y las CCNN, donde confluyan el reconocimiento de derechos de
autodeterminación con la aplicación de modelos policiales ajustados a las
necesidades de las poblaciones indígenas.
The present investigation explores the activation of mechanisms of protection of indigenous territories (Comunidades Nativas) from the damages associated with the illicit market of coca leaves and cocaine derivatives. The investigation follows a qualitative methodological design, based on semi-structured interviews directed to indigenous leaders from localities of the department of Junín, and to police personnel with jurisdiction in the zone studied. The results show that the activation of these mechanisms of protection is associated with the promotion of licit markets framed on the Alternative Development initiatives; with the control of the usurpation of indigenous land; with the protection of indigenous leaders; and with the promotion of alliances between the police force and the indigenous communities. Based on these results, proactive models of police strategies adjusted to the necessities of indigenous people are discussed. In terms of recommendations for public policies, the document recommends the generation of alliances between indigenous peoples and the police force, with the recognition of self-determination rights, as a strategy for the reduction of the illicit cocaine market in indigenous lands.
The present investigation explores the activation of mechanisms of protection of indigenous territories (Comunidades Nativas) from the damages associated with the illicit market of coca leaves and cocaine derivatives. The investigation follows a qualitative methodological design, based on semi-structured interviews directed to indigenous leaders from localities of the department of Junín, and to police personnel with jurisdiction in the zone studied. The results show that the activation of these mechanisms of protection is associated with the promotion of licit markets framed on the Alternative Development initiatives; with the control of the usurpation of indigenous land; with the protection of indigenous leaders; and with the promotion of alliances between the police force and the indigenous communities. Based on these results, proactive models of police strategies adjusted to the necessities of indigenous people are discussed. In terms of recommendations for public policies, the document recommends the generation of alliances between indigenous peoples and the police force, with the recognition of self-determination rights, as a strategy for the reduction of the illicit cocaine market in indigenous lands.
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Coca--Producción--Aspectos sociales, Conflictos sociales--Perú
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