Informe jurídico sobre la Sentencia de Casación No. 30017-2023-LIMA
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
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El informe jurídico analiza la Sentencia de Casación 30017-2023-LIMA, en la
cual se analiza la suspensión del cómputo prescriptorio mientras dure el trámite
del procedimiento contencioso tributario. Al respecto, como problema principal
se pretende determinar si esa suspensión puede operar indefinidamente de
acuerdo con una interpretación constitucional del artículo 46 del Código
Tributario sin modificación. Como problemas secundarios, se cuestiona: (i) la
coherencia de la Corte Suprema al desatender la STC 2051-2016-PA/TC; (ii) la
eventual vulneración del principio de igualdad por el trato diferenciado entre
casos anteriores y posteriores al Decreto Legislativo No. 1311; y (iii) la posible
motivación político-fiscal orientada a la imprescriptibilidad. El análisis parte de la
naturaleza garantista de la prescripción de cobro, concebida para proteger la
seguridad jurídica y sancionar la inactividad estatal. Se concluye que la
suspensión solo es legítima en el lapso de los términos legales para pronunciarse
(9 y 12 meses), pues lo contrario carece de razonabilidad y desconoce el derecho
al plazo razonable y el principio de no arbitrariedad. Asimismo, se sostiene que
la jurisprudencia constitucional, aunque no sea precedente vinculante, vincula a
todos los jueces y que ignorarla viola la interpretación conforme. La
diferenciación temporal aplicada por la Corte Suprema resulta discriminatoria,
pues afecta a contribuyentes en situaciones análogas sin fundamento objetivo.
Finalmente, se advierte que la pretensión de convertir las deudas tributarias en
imprescriptibles desconoce la importancia y el valor constitucional de dicha figura
en nuestro ordenamiento.
The legal report analyzes Supreme Court Decision 30017-2023-LIMA, which examines the suspension of the statute of limitations during the processing of contentious tax proceedings. In this regard, the main issue is to determine whether this suspension can operate indefinitely in accordance with a constitutional interpretation of Article 46 of the Tax Code without modification. Secondary issues include: (i) the consistency of the Supreme Court in disregarding STC 2051-2016-PA/TC; (ii) the possible violation of the principle of equality due to the different treatment of cases before and after Legislative Decree No. 1311; and (iii) the possible political-fiscal motivation aimed at nonapplicability of the statute of limitations. The analysis is based on the guarantee nature of the statute of limitations on collection, designed to protect legal certainty and sanction state inaction. It concludes that the suspension is only legitimate during the legal deadlines for resolution (9 and 12 months), as otherwise it is unreasonable and disregards the right to a reasonable time limit and the principle of non-arbitrariness. Likewise, it is argued that constitutional jurisprudence, although not binding precedent, is binding on all judges and that ignoring it violates the interpretation in accordance with the Constitution. The temporal differentiation applied by the Supreme Court is discriminatory, as it affects taxpayers in similar situations without objective justification. Finally, it is noted that the attempt to make tax debts imprescriptible disregards the importance and constitutional value of this concept in our legal system.
The legal report analyzes Supreme Court Decision 30017-2023-LIMA, which examines the suspension of the statute of limitations during the processing of contentious tax proceedings. In this regard, the main issue is to determine whether this suspension can operate indefinitely in accordance with a constitutional interpretation of Article 46 of the Tax Code without modification. Secondary issues include: (i) the consistency of the Supreme Court in disregarding STC 2051-2016-PA/TC; (ii) the possible violation of the principle of equality due to the different treatment of cases before and after Legislative Decree No. 1311; and (iii) the possible political-fiscal motivation aimed at nonapplicability of the statute of limitations. The analysis is based on the guarantee nature of the statute of limitations on collection, designed to protect legal certainty and sanction state inaction. It concludes that the suspension is only legitimate during the legal deadlines for resolution (9 and 12 months), as otherwise it is unreasonable and disregards the right to a reasonable time limit and the principle of non-arbitrariness. Likewise, it is argued that constitutional jurisprudence, although not binding precedent, is binding on all judges and that ignoring it violates the interpretation in accordance with the Constitution. The temporal differentiation applied by the Supreme Court is discriminatory, as it affects taxpayers in similar situations without objective justification. Finally, it is noted that the attempt to make tax debts imprescriptible disregards the importance and constitutional value of this concept in our legal system.
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Impuestos--Legislación--Perú--Lima, Procedimiento administrativo--Perú--Lima, Administración tributaria--Perú--Lima
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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