U-Pb geochronology of zircon and cassiterite from the Taucane Sn-polymetallic project, Puno, Peru
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El depósito Taucane, ubicado en el departamento de Puno al sureste de Perú, constituye
un descubrimiento singular en el cinturón de estaño de los Andes Centrales. Destaca por
ser el primer depósito de Sn-polimetálico en la región que está volumétricamente
dominado por cuerpos mineralizados tipo manto. También, por su ubicación geológica
dentro del dominio morfoestructural del cinturón de retrocabalgamientos de los Andes
Centrales, una zona previamente descartada como prospectiva para depósitos de Sn. El
objetivo principal de esta tesis es contextualizar la formación del depósito Taucane dentro
de la evolución del cinturón de estaño de los Andes centrales mediante dataciones
radiométricas U-Pb de zircón en granitoides y casiterita.
La mineralización polimetálica se manifiesta como mantos y vetas alojadas en rocas
sedimentarias mesozoicas. Están compuestas principalmente por sulfuros, con menores
proporciones de casiterita (variedad needle-tin) y sulfosales que definen tres etapas
paragenéticas hipogénicas que denotan una transición de condiciones de baja sulfuración
hacia una sulfuración intermedia. Asimismo, se observa una transición proximal-distal de
un sistema hidrotermal de skarn y reemplazo de carbonatos (CRD).
La geocronología U-Pb de casiterita y circón confirman el emplazamiento coetáneo de
los granitoides de carácter peraluminoso y la mineralización a ca. 24 Ma. Estas edades
contextualizan la mineralización de Taucane dentro del evento metalogénico Oligoceno
terminal-Mioceno del cinturón de estaño de los Andes Centrales. El descubrimiento de
Taucane dentro del cinturón de retrocabalgamientos de los Andes Centrales representa un
cambio de paradigma significativo en la exploración de Sn en el sur de Perú,
incrementando significativamente las áreas prospectivas.
The Taucane deposit, located in the department of Puno in southeastern Peru, constitutes a singular discovery in the Central Andean Tin Belt. It stands out as the first Sn(- polymetallic) deposit in the region that is volumetrically dominated by manto-type orebodies. It is also notable for its geological location within the Central Andean Backthrust Belt morphostructural domain, an area previously ruled out as prospective for Sn deposits. The main objective of this thesis is to contextualize the formation of the Taucane deposit within the evolution of the Central Andes Tin Belt using U-Pb radiometric dating of zircon in granitoids and cassiterite. Polymetallic mineralization occurs as mantos and veins hosted in Mesozoic sedimentary rocks. They are mainly composed of sulfides, with minor proportions of cassiterite (var. needle-tin) and sulfosalts that define three hypogenic paragenetic stages denoting a transition from low- to intermediate-sulfidation conditions. Likewise, a proximal-distal transition of a skarn and carbonate replacement hydrothermal system (CRD) is observed. U-Pb geochronology of cassiterite and zircon confirms the contemporaneous emplacement of peraluminous granitoids and mineralization at ca. 24 Ma. These ages contextualize the Taucane mineralization within the latest Oligocene-Miocene metallogenic event of the Central Andean Tin Belt. The discovery of Taucane within the Central Andean Backthrust Belt represents a significant paradigm shift in Sn exploration in southern Peru, significantly increasing the prospective areas.
The Taucane deposit, located in the department of Puno in southeastern Peru, constitutes a singular discovery in the Central Andean Tin Belt. It stands out as the first Sn(- polymetallic) deposit in the region that is volumetrically dominated by manto-type orebodies. It is also notable for its geological location within the Central Andean Backthrust Belt morphostructural domain, an area previously ruled out as prospective for Sn deposits. The main objective of this thesis is to contextualize the formation of the Taucane deposit within the evolution of the Central Andes Tin Belt using U-Pb radiometric dating of zircon in granitoids and cassiterite. Polymetallic mineralization occurs as mantos and veins hosted in Mesozoic sedimentary rocks. They are mainly composed of sulfides, with minor proportions of cassiterite (var. needle-tin) and sulfosalts that define three hypogenic paragenetic stages denoting a transition from low- to intermediate-sulfidation conditions. Likewise, a proximal-distal transition of a skarn and carbonate replacement hydrothermal system (CRD) is observed. U-Pb geochronology of cassiterite and zircon confirms the contemporaneous emplacement of peraluminous granitoids and mineralization at ca. 24 Ma. These ages contextualize the Taucane mineralization within the latest Oligocene-Miocene metallogenic event of the Central Andean Tin Belt. The discovery of Taucane within the Central Andean Backthrust Belt represents a significant paradigm shift in Sn exploration in southern Peru, significantly increasing the prospective areas.
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Minas de estaño--Perú--Puno, Datación radiactiva, Geocronometría
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