Conducta de base segura y apego adulto en díadas de madres-hijos en edad preescolar
Date
2021-07-01
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo explorar la relación entre la conducta de base
segura y los estilos y dimensiones del apego adulto en díadas de madres e hijos en edad
preescolar. Esto se realizó con un grupo de 20 madres con edades entre 19 y 46 años
(M = 35.40, DE = 6.69), con hijos con edades entre 36 y 71 meses (M = 55.90, DE = 10.06).
Para medir la conducta de base segura del niño, se utilizó el Attachment Q-Set 3.0 (AQS,
Waters, 1995) y para medir el apego adulto se utilizó el Relationship Questionnaire (RQ,
Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991). Así, se encontraron asociaciones moderadas e inversas entre
el grado de identificación de las madres con el estilo de apego preocupado y la conducta de
base segura del niño, por un lado; y con la escala de Placer en el contacto físico con la madre
(PCM), por el otro. Asimismo, se encontró una asociación moderada e inversa entre la
dimensión de ansiedad del apego adulto y la escala PCM; así como también, una relación
moderada y directa, a nivel de significancia marginal entre esta escala y la dimensión de
evitación del apego adulto. A partir de los objetivos específicos, se encontró una relación
moderada y directa entre la escala PCM y la presencia de estresores sufridos por la familia en
el último mes; así como una asociación directa y moderada, marginalmente significativa, entre
la edad del niño y la escala de Calidez en las interacciones con la madre (CIM).
This research aims to explore the relationship between secure base behavior and the styles and dimensions of adult attachment in dyads of mothers and their children in preschool years. This was done with a group of 20 mothers between the ages of 19 and 46 (M = 35.40, SD = 6.69), with children aged between 36 and 71 months (M = 55.90, SD = 10.06). The Attachment QSet 3.0 (AQS, Waters, 1995) was used to measure the child's secure base behavior, and the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ, Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991) was used to measure adult attachment. Thus, moderate and inverse associations were found between the degree of identification of mothers with the preoccupied attachment style and the child's secure base behavior, on the one hand; and with the Pleasure in physical contact with the mother (PCM) scale, on the other. Likewise, a moderate and inverse association was found between the adult attachment anxiety dimension and the PCM scale; as well as a moderate and direct relationship, at the level of marginal significance, between this scale and the avoidance dimension of adult attachment. Based on the specific objectives, a moderate and direct relationship was found between the PCM scale and the presence of stressors suffered by the family in the last month; as well as a direct and moderate association, marginally significant, between the child's age and the scale of Smooth interactions with the mother (CIM).
This research aims to explore the relationship between secure base behavior and the styles and dimensions of adult attachment in dyads of mothers and their children in preschool years. This was done with a group of 20 mothers between the ages of 19 and 46 (M = 35.40, SD = 6.69), with children aged between 36 and 71 months (M = 55.90, SD = 10.06). The Attachment QSet 3.0 (AQS, Waters, 1995) was used to measure the child's secure base behavior, and the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ, Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991) was used to measure adult attachment. Thus, moderate and inverse associations were found between the degree of identification of mothers with the preoccupied attachment style and the child's secure base behavior, on the one hand; and with the Pleasure in physical contact with the mother (PCM) scale, on the other. Likewise, a moderate and inverse association was found between the adult attachment anxiety dimension and the PCM scale; as well as a moderate and direct relationship, at the level of marginal significance, between this scale and the avoidance dimension of adult attachment. Based on the specific objectives, a moderate and direct relationship was found between the PCM scale and the presence of stressors suffered by the family in the last month; as well as a direct and moderate association, marginally significant, between the child's age and the scale of Smooth interactions with the mother (CIM).
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Keywords
Conducta (Psicología), Apego, Psicología infantil, Madres e hijos--Aspectos psicológicos
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