Infancias terroríficas: Dualidad, violencia y resistencia femenina en tres cuentos de María Fernanda Ampuero
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta investigación se basó en el estudio de los relatos de María Fernanda Ampuero desde
la figura del doble y la resistencia femenina ante la violencia. Para ello, analicé tres
cuentos de su libro Pelea de gallos: “Monstruos”, “Crías” y “Luto”. Mi objetivo fue
analizar la forma en que los sujetos infantiles femeninos conforman dualidades que
buscan resistir o escapar a la violencia de la crianza patriarcal. Estas dualidades, que
normalmente constituyen figuras terroríficas a través de la presencia del doble en los
relatos de horror, se presentan como oportunidades alentadoras para las protagonistas.
Así, exploro la relación que existe entre las vivencias de la infancia y la entrada a la
adultez para identificar la manera en que la construcción de los vínculos funciona para
enfrentar el sinsentido de la vida. En el primer capítulo, abordo en “Monstruos” la
infancia de dos gemelas antagonizadas por el discurso de las figuras adultas, que luchan
por situarse como sujetos sin perder su vínculo mientras conviven con la amenaza de la
violencia sexual. En el segundo capítulo, analizo en “Crías” a una protagonista solitaria
que responde a la violencia del abandono paterno buscando vínculos que le permitan
afirmar su identidad. En el tercer capítulo, estudio en “Luto” la violencia
transgeneracional de la mano de la autoridad masculina y la religión como una violencia
estructural reconfigurada desde el relato mítico de dos hermanas que ejercen una
resistencia activa y logran unificarse para enfrentar su contexto.
This research was based in the study of the short stories of Maria Fernanda Ampuero from the figures of the double and female resistance in the face of violence. For this purpose, I analyzed three short stories from her book Pelea de gallos: “Monstruos”, “Crías” and “Luto”. My objective was to analyze the way in which the feminine infantile subjects conform dualities that look to resist or scape the violence of patriarchal upbringing. These dualities, normally constituted as horrific images through the presence of the double, present themselves as encouraging opportunities for the protagonists. Thus, I explore the relationship between the experiences of childhood and the entrance to adulthood to identify the way in which the construction of bonds function to face the nonsense of life. In the first chapter, I break down, in “Monstruos”, the childhood of two female twins antagonized by the discourse of adult figures, that fight to locate themselves as subjects without losing their relationship as they coexist with the menace of sexual violence. In the second chapter, I analyze, in “Crías”, a lonely protagonist that responds to the violence of paternal neglect searching for bonds that allow her to affirm her identity. In the third chapter, I study, in “Luto”, the transgenerational violence in the hands of masculine authority and religion as structural violence reconfigured in the mythical tale of two sisters that wield active resistance and unite to confront their context.
This research was based in the study of the short stories of Maria Fernanda Ampuero from the figures of the double and female resistance in the face of violence. For this purpose, I analyzed three short stories from her book Pelea de gallos: “Monstruos”, “Crías” and “Luto”. My objective was to analyze the way in which the feminine infantile subjects conform dualities that look to resist or scape the violence of patriarchal upbringing. These dualities, normally constituted as horrific images through the presence of the double, present themselves as encouraging opportunities for the protagonists. Thus, I explore the relationship between the experiences of childhood and the entrance to adulthood to identify the way in which the construction of bonds function to face the nonsense of life. In the first chapter, I break down, in “Monstruos”, the childhood of two female twins antagonized by the discourse of adult figures, that fight to locate themselves as subjects without losing their relationship as they coexist with the menace of sexual violence. In the second chapter, I analyze, in “Crías”, a lonely protagonist that responds to the violence of paternal neglect searching for bonds that allow her to affirm her identity. In the third chapter, I study, in “Luto”, the transgenerational violence in the hands of masculine authority and religion as structural violence reconfigured in the mythical tale of two sisters that wield active resistance and unite to confront their context.
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Ampuero, María Fernanda--Crítica e interpretación, Cuentos ecuatorianos--Historia y crítica--Siglo XXI, Mujeres en la literatura, Violencia contra la mujer--Novela
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