Un gordo problema : Construcción, reivindicación y resistencias corporales en torno a la gordura en activistas feministas de Lima Metropolitana
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las representaciones sociales de la gordura en
un grupo de activistas feministas de Lima Metropolitana. A través de entrevistas
semiestructuradas, se exploran sus narrativas sobre la identidad corporal y las percepciones
de los cuerpos gordos, con el fin de desentrañar los mecanismos de control y su posible
resistencia o reivindicación. Utilizando una perspectiva de investigación feminista y la teoría
de las representaciones sociales, se busca dar voz a las narrativas de estas personas que
mientras construyen su identidad personal cuestionan las construcciones normativas
corporales sobre el peso. Ellas, elles han encontrado distintas estrategias colectivas e
individuales que se sobreponen a los mecanismos de control estructural que operan sobre los
cuerpos gordos, promoviendo y aceptando por una diversidad corporal que, ya sea se
identifiquen como personas gorda o no, reivindica su propia identidad corporal.
Entre las conclusiones se resalta la presencia fundamental del feminismo como un
movimiento de defensa y emancipación corporal, además de una herramienta políticodiscursiva
desafiante de un paradigma cultural occidental que estigmatiza la gordura. A pesar
del rechazo social y la persistente medicalización de la gordura, respaldada por el ámbito
médico-estatal, la totalidad de activistas feministas entrevistadas muestra una actitud positiva
de aceptación y celebración de la diversidad corporal, aunque no en todos los casos esa apuesta
apuesta por la diversidad sea aplicable a su propia experiencia vital, sino exclusivamente al
cuerpo de otres. Esto refleja el destacado papel que tiene el feminismo como un espectro
continuo en la construcción de subjetividades identitarias corporales en constante resistencia
y reivindicación frente al control biopolítico.
This research aims to analyze the social representations of fatness among a group of feminist activists in Metropolitan Lima. Through semi-structured interviews, their narratives on body identity and perceptions of fat bodies are explored to unravel mechanisms of control and potential resistance or advocacy. Employing a feminist research perspective and social representations theory seeks to amplify the voices of individuals who, while constructing their personal identity, question normative constructions of body weight. They have developed various collective and individual strategies to counter structural control mechanisms affecting fat bodies, promoting and embracing bodily diversity that asserts their own body identity, whether identifying as fat or not. Among the conclusions, the fundamental presence of feminism as a movement for bodily defense and emancipation is highlighted, challenging a Western cultural paradigm that stigmatizes fatness as well as serving as a challenging political-discursive tool. Despite social rejection and ongoing medicalization of fatness supported by medical-state domains, all interviewed feminist activists exhibit a positive attitude toward accepting and celebrating bodily diversity. However, in some cases, this commitment to diversity may not be applicable to their own lived experiences but exclusively to the bodies of others. This underscores the significant role of feminism as a continuous spectrum in constructing bodily identity subjectivities, in constant resistance and advocacy against biopolitical control.
This research aims to analyze the social representations of fatness among a group of feminist activists in Metropolitan Lima. Through semi-structured interviews, their narratives on body identity and perceptions of fat bodies are explored to unravel mechanisms of control and potential resistance or advocacy. Employing a feminist research perspective and social representations theory seeks to amplify the voices of individuals who, while constructing their personal identity, question normative constructions of body weight. They have developed various collective and individual strategies to counter structural control mechanisms affecting fat bodies, promoting and embracing bodily diversity that asserts their own body identity, whether identifying as fat or not. Among the conclusions, the fundamental presence of feminism as a movement for bodily defense and emancipation is highlighted, challenging a Western cultural paradigm that stigmatizes fatness as well as serving as a challenging political-discursive tool. Despite social rejection and ongoing medicalization of fatness supported by medical-state domains, all interviewed feminist activists exhibit a positive attitude toward accepting and celebrating bodily diversity. However, in some cases, this commitment to diversity may not be applicable to their own lived experiences but exclusively to the bodies of others. This underscores the significant role of feminism as a continuous spectrum in constructing bodily identity subjectivities, in constant resistance and advocacy against biopolitical control.
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Obesidad, Representaciones sociales--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Feministas--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Imagen corporal