Hacia una banca más abierta: perspectivas regulatorias para el open banking en Perú
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
En nuestra sociedad y en específico en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, el término Open
Banking es un concepto nuevo o relativamente nuevo que proviene de experiencias
internacionales, precisamente de Europa, Reino Unido. En el Perú, esta tendencia, a la
fecha, no se encuentra regulada, es decir no cuenta con un marco normativo. Si bien se
vienen dando ligeros avances de interoperabilidad y existe un proyecto de ley en curso -
aunque muy básico-, estas iniciativas no son suficientes por todos los aspectos que debe
abarcar.
El diseño y la implementación de un banca abierta, es decir la transmisión de datos
financieros entre entidades financieras y con terceros (Fintech), no solo debe considerar
la normativa vigente en el país, sino que debe existir un marco normativo especifico que
regulen los aspectos primordiales que abarca el Open Banking, como la transferencia de
datos financieros, el consentimiento por parte de los usuarios, medidas de seguridad para
el tratamiento de estos dados, consideraciones generales de los participantes de este nuevo
fenómeno, entre otros.
La relevancia de nuestra propuesta radica en la necesidad de implementar un marco
normativo de banca abierta en el país, dado que en el sistema financiero peruano se
encuentra en constante evolución, sobre todo con la disrupción tecnológica que se vive
actualmente y con el avance de tendencias internacionales. Por ello, necesita adaptarse a
estos nuevos modelos, buscando un mayor impacto económico de las compañías y sobre
todo en mejorar la forma de ofrecer los productos financieros y de facilitar el acceso a
servicios financieros a nuevas personas.
A partir de lo expuesto, en el presente trabajo se realizó la revisión y análisis de la
regulación vigente del Open Banking en cuatro países dentro de los cuales se encuentran
vigentes normas relativas a este nuevo fenómeno. De esta revisión, se rescataron los
aspectos más relevantes y de mayor impacto, para poder replicarlas y adaptarlas a nuestro
contexto e iniciar el camino regulatorio de esta tendencia en Perú. En consecuencia,
propusimos los aspectos más relevantes que deben ser considerados en un futuro diseño
regulatorio del Open Banking en el Perú.
In our society and specifically in our legal system, the term Open Banking is a new or relatively new concept that comes from international experiences, precisely from United Kingdom, Europe. In Peru, this trend, to date, is not yet regulated, that is to say, it does not have a regulatory framework. Although there have been slight advances in interoperability and there is a draft law in progress - albeit very basic - these initiatives are not sufficient for all the aspects that should be covered. The design and implementation of Open Banking, i.e. the transmission of financial data between financial institutions and with third parties (Fintech), must not only consider the current regulations in the country, but there must also be a specific regulatory framework to regulate the main aspects covered by Open Banking, such as the transfer of financial data, consent by users, security measures for the processing of these data, general considerations of the participants of this new phenomenon, among others. The relevance of our proposal lies in the need to implement a regulatory framework for Open Banking in the country, given that the Peruvian financial system is constantly evolving, especially with the technological disruption that is currently taking place and the advance of international trends. Therefore, it needs to adapt to these new models, seeking a greater economic impact of the companies and especially in improving the way of offering financial products and facilitating access to financial services to new people. Based on the above, this paper reviews and analyzes the current regulation of Open Banking in four countries where there are regulations in force regarding this new phenomenon. From this review, the most relevant and impactful aspects were rescued in order to replicate and adapt them to our context and start the regulatory path of this trend in Peru. Consequently, we proposed the most relevant aspects that should be considered in a future regulatory design of Open Banking in Peru.
In our society and specifically in our legal system, the term Open Banking is a new or relatively new concept that comes from international experiences, precisely from United Kingdom, Europe. In Peru, this trend, to date, is not yet regulated, that is to say, it does not have a regulatory framework. Although there have been slight advances in interoperability and there is a draft law in progress - albeit very basic - these initiatives are not sufficient for all the aspects that should be covered. The design and implementation of Open Banking, i.e. the transmission of financial data between financial institutions and with third parties (Fintech), must not only consider the current regulations in the country, but there must also be a specific regulatory framework to regulate the main aspects covered by Open Banking, such as the transfer of financial data, consent by users, security measures for the processing of these data, general considerations of the participants of this new phenomenon, among others. The relevance of our proposal lies in the need to implement a regulatory framework for Open Banking in the country, given that the Peruvian financial system is constantly evolving, especially with the technological disruption that is currently taking place and the advance of international trends. Therefore, it needs to adapt to these new models, seeking a greater economic impact of the companies and especially in improving the way of offering financial products and facilitating access to financial services to new people. Based on the above, this paper reviews and analyzes the current regulation of Open Banking in four countries where there are regulations in force regarding this new phenomenon. From this review, the most relevant and impactful aspects were rescued in order to replicate and adapt them to our context and start the regulatory path of this trend in Peru. Consequently, we proposed the most relevant aspects that should be considered in a future regulatory design of Open Banking in Peru.
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Sistema financiero--Perú, Derecho bancario--Legislación--Perú