Viabilidad del uso de drones en la detección de fallas/deterioros en caminos mineros de acarreo de mineral/material
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Date
2021-08-05
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El siguiente trabajo de investigación tiene el objeto de explorar la viabilidad del uso vehículos
aéreos no tripulados para mejorar la gestión de los caminos. Estos caminos sufren deterioros
debido al tránsito de vehículos de carga pesada y a fenómenos climatológicos. A mayor
presencia de deterioros, la productividad se reduce y la rentabilidad disminuye. La detección
oportuna de fallas posibilita una gestión eficiente. Según la literatura, se puede originar un
ahorro de hasta el 10% de los costos de transporte.
En el desarrollo de esta investigación se recopilan los resultados de tres tesis que tratan sobre
la gestión de vías de acarreo y el impacto sobre cuatro parámetros: ciclo de producción,
velocidad de acarreo, consumo de combustible y disponibilidad mecánica. Respecto del
proceso de identificación de daños en caminos pavimentados, se toma la idea del uso de
cámaras en combinación con vehículos aéreos para la detección de fallas en las vías de
acarreo. Así mismo, se estima el tiempo y costo del servicio para una evaluación de 10 km.
de vía. Para esta longitud, el precio podría aproximarse a USD 10,582 con un plazo de 6 días.
Finalmente, el trabajo de investigación cumple con el objetivo de explorar el uso de esta
tecnología, compara su aplicación con otras soluciones existentes y encuentra argumentos
suficientes para confirmar la viabilidad. Así mismo, se ha diseñado una metodología básica
que puede servir de guía para trabajos de investigación futura. Por último, en el estado del
arte, un subcapítulo da cuenta de la inteligencia artificial que, añadida a esta tecnología,
puede lograr el reconocimiento automatizado y en tiempo real (video).
This research explores the feasibility of using unmanned aerial vehicles to improve the management of roads. Haulage roads suffer deterioration due to the traffic of heavy-duty vehicles and weather. Haulage roads deterioration reduce productivity and profitability. Early detection of failures allows efficient management. Savings up to 10% in transport costs can be generated according to the literature. This work shows the results of three studies about haulage roads management and its positive impact on four parameters: the production cycle, haulage speed, fuel consumption and mechanical availability. Uusing cameras along with aerial vehicles for this research was taken due its application on paved roads. Likewise, service time and cost were estimated for an evaluation of 10 km. The price could reach USD 10,582 with 6 days of processing for this length. Finally, the research work fulfills the objective of exploring the use of this technology, compares its application with other existing solutions and finds strong arguments to confirm the feasibility. Likewise, a methodology has been designed and could serve as a guide for future research. Finally, state of the art gives an approach of artificial intelligence which along with this technology could achieve automated recognition such as real-time recognition by video for example.
This research explores the feasibility of using unmanned aerial vehicles to improve the management of roads. Haulage roads suffer deterioration due to the traffic of heavy-duty vehicles and weather. Haulage roads deterioration reduce productivity and profitability. Early detection of failures allows efficient management. Savings up to 10% in transport costs can be generated according to the literature. This work shows the results of three studies about haulage roads management and its positive impact on four parameters: the production cycle, haulage speed, fuel consumption and mechanical availability. Uusing cameras along with aerial vehicles for this research was taken due its application on paved roads. Likewise, service time and cost were estimated for an evaluation of 10 km. The price could reach USD 10,582 with 6 days of processing for this length. Finally, the research work fulfills the objective of exploring the use of this technology, compares its application with other existing solutions and finds strong arguments to confirm the feasibility. Likewise, a methodology has been designed and could serve as a guide for future research. Finally, state of the art gives an approach of artificial intelligence which along with this technology could achieve automated recognition such as real-time recognition by video for example.
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Acarreo minero--Perú, Avión teledirigido--Perú, Industria minera--Perú
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