Creación de problemas sobre funciones cuadráticas por profesores en servicio mediante una estrategia que integra nociones del análisis didáctico.
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2016-09-01
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Este estudio explora la creación de problemas mediante la implementación de una estrategia
de creación de problemas matemáticos que integra nociones del análisis didáctico y pretende
contribuir a la formulación de problemas con énfasis didáctico para el aprendizaje y enseñanza
en el entorno de las funciones cuadráticas. Para este propósito, se desarrolla talleres de creación
de problemas con profesores en servicio, en los cuales se utiliza experiencias didácticas,
elaboración de configuraciones epistémicas y cognitivas, y análisis de prácticas matemáticas;
estas dos últimas herramientas son propias del enfoque ontosemiótico de la cognición e
instrucción matemática (EOS). También examinamos los problemas creados con énfasis
didáctico mediante una rúbrica propuesta para este estudio que articula los criterios de
idoneidad didáctica del EOS. Con base en un estudio de casos y los procedimientos
metodológicos como la triangulación de investigadores y análisis del contenido, se ha llegado
a tener indicios para suponer una relación entre creación de problemas y resolución de
problemas. Esta afirmación se sustenta en estudios anteriores que revisamos sobre la
competencia matemática del profesor y la creación de problemas (por ejemplo: Yuan &
Sriraman, 2011; Cai & Hwang, 2002; Crespo, 2003; Silver, 2013; Abu-Elwan, 1999; Kar,
Ozdemir, Ipek, & Albayrak, 2010); es decir, la competencia de creación de problemas podría
estar estrechamente relacionada con la competencia matemática, especialmente en los dos casos
que formaron parte de nuestra investigación. Finalmente, se brindan algunas sugerencias y
recomendaciones para propuestas e investigaciones posteriores que hagan uso de la estrategia
implementada en la presente investigación
In recent years, mathematical problem posing has been gaining considerable attention as a tool to innovate the role of problem solving in mathematics teaching and learning. This role about problem posing should be handled by mathematics teacher, who must have the competence to develop it. This study explores problem posing by means of a strategy mathematical problem posing which involves notions of didactic analysis and it pretends to contribute in how we formulate mathematical problems with didactical emphasis for teaching and learning in quadratic functions environment. For this purpose, problem posing workshop with in-service teachers are implemented and these activities include didactical experiences, cognitive and epistemic configurations, analysis of mathematical practices, these two last tools belong to the onto-semiotic approach of cognition and mathematical instruction (OSA), besides that the posed problems focus in didactical aspects are assessed through a rubric which has been developed using indicators of didactical suitability introduced in the OSA. By using a case study and the methodological procedures such as triangulation of research and content analysis, the results of the study show evidence to indicate a relationship between problem-posing and problem solving. We state this relationship based in our results and these confirm another results found in the literature about problem posing (e.g. Yuan & Sriraman, 2011; Cai & Hwang, 2002; Crespo, 2003; Silver, 2013; Abu-Elwan, 1999; Kar, Ozdemir, Ipek, & Albayrak, 2010). Finally, some suggestions and recommendations for further research which use the strategy implemented in this study are provided.
In recent years, mathematical problem posing has been gaining considerable attention as a tool to innovate the role of problem solving in mathematics teaching and learning. This role about problem posing should be handled by mathematics teacher, who must have the competence to develop it. This study explores problem posing by means of a strategy mathematical problem posing which involves notions of didactic analysis and it pretends to contribute in how we formulate mathematical problems with didactical emphasis for teaching and learning in quadratic functions environment. For this purpose, problem posing workshop with in-service teachers are implemented and these activities include didactical experiences, cognitive and epistemic configurations, analysis of mathematical practices, these two last tools belong to the onto-semiotic approach of cognition and mathematical instruction (OSA), besides that the posed problems focus in didactical aspects are assessed through a rubric which has been developed using indicators of didactical suitability introduced in the OSA. By using a case study and the methodological procedures such as triangulation of research and content analysis, the results of the study show evidence to indicate a relationship between problem-posing and problem solving. We state this relationship based in our results and these confirm another results found in the literature about problem posing (e.g. Yuan & Sriraman, 2011; Cai & Hwang, 2002; Crespo, 2003; Silver, 2013; Abu-Elwan, 1999; Kar, Ozdemir, Ipek, & Albayrak, 2010). Finally, some suggestions and recommendations for further research which use the strategy implemented in this study are provided.
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Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza., Funciones (Matemáticas).
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