Estilos de liderazgo de las mujeres emprendedoras de Lima Metropolitana
Date
2016
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En la presente investigación se identifica el estilo de liderazgo predominante en las mujeres emprendedoras de Lima Metropolitana en el Perú mediante la descripción cualitativa de sus características demográficas; sus antecedentes educativos, familiares y laborales; sus tipos de empresas; sus habilidades administrativas; motivaciones a convertirse en empresarias y relaciones interpersonales. En el diseño del estudio se utiliza el enfoque cualitativo que se basa en la entrevista de 18 mujeres emprendedoras de Lima Metropolitana en el Perú con empresas de tres años y medio a más en funcionamiento.
Los resultados muestran que las mujeres empresarias tienden al estilo de liderazgo transformacional y tienden al emprendimiento motivadas por la necesidad, debido, principalmente, para lograr una independencia y tener mayor disponibilidad de tiempo. Se podría pensar que las mujeres emprendedoras de alto nivel educativo emprenden por la oportunidad, pero en el estudio se determina que son motivadas por la necesidad y con marcada tendencia al estilo transformacional. Además, se concluye que el liderazgo transformacional es desarrollado de manera natural en las mujeres emprendedoras que son motivadas por la oportunidad. Las características personales de las mujeres emprendedoras, dependen del contexto y sus experiencias; sin embargo, se podrían indicar: (a) capacidad para aprender, (b) buenas relaciones interpersonales, (c) buen nivel de comunicación, (d) responsabilidad, (e) actitud positiva y (f) carácter.
El aporte del estudio radica en el análisis de las mujeres emprendedoras de Lima Metropolitana en el Perú, provincia con la mayor actividad emprendedora del país, y añade mayor evidencia sobre el estilo de liderazgo transformacional que es el predominante en las mujeres emprendedoras en un contexto diferente
The main purpose of the present research is to identify the predominant leadership style of female entrepreneurs in Metropolitan Lima in Peru throughout qualitative descriptive of their demographic characteristics; education levels, family and work background; the types of businesses they manage; their managerial skills; their motivations to become entrepreneurs and their interpersonal relations. The study uses the qualitative paradigm that is based on a case study of 18 female entrepreneurs who live and work in Metropolitan Lima and who have been running companies for more than three years and a half. Female entrepreneurs tend to show characteristics associated to the transformational leadership style and tend to be motivated by necessity, mainly because they want to achieve independence and have more available time. It is commonly believed that female entrepreneurs who are highly educated mainly start business by opportunity, however results show that they are motivated by need and have a strong tendency to transformational style. In addition, it is concluded that transformational leadership is developed naturally in female entrepreneurs who are motivated by opportunity. The personal characteristics of female entrepreneurs, depend on the context and their experiences; however, the following outstand: (a) the ability to learn, (b) good interpersonal relationships, (c) good level of communication, (d) responsibility, (e) positive attitude and (f) character. The main contribution of this study lies in the analysis of female entrepreneurs in Metropolitan Lima in Peru, the region with the highest entrepreneurial activity in the country, and adds further empirical evidence that supports that the transformational leadership style is predominant for female entrepreneurs in a different context
The main purpose of the present research is to identify the predominant leadership style of female entrepreneurs in Metropolitan Lima in Peru throughout qualitative descriptive of their demographic characteristics; education levels, family and work background; the types of businesses they manage; their managerial skills; their motivations to become entrepreneurs and their interpersonal relations. The study uses the qualitative paradigm that is based on a case study of 18 female entrepreneurs who live and work in Metropolitan Lima and who have been running companies for more than three years and a half. Female entrepreneurs tend to show characteristics associated to the transformational leadership style and tend to be motivated by necessity, mainly because they want to achieve independence and have more available time. It is commonly believed that female entrepreneurs who are highly educated mainly start business by opportunity, however results show that they are motivated by need and have a strong tendency to transformational style. In addition, it is concluded that transformational leadership is developed naturally in female entrepreneurs who are motivated by opportunity. The personal characteristics of female entrepreneurs, depend on the context and their experiences; however, the following outstand: (a) the ability to learn, (b) good interpersonal relationships, (c) good level of communication, (d) responsibility, (e) positive attitude and (f) character. The main contribution of this study lies in the analysis of female entrepreneurs in Metropolitan Lima in Peru, the region with the highest entrepreneurial activity in the country, and adds further empirical evidence that supports that the transformational leadership style is predominant for female entrepreneurs in a different context
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Keywords
Liderazgo, Mujeres--Trabajo--Perú, Emprendimiento (Administración)--Perú, Investigación cualitativa
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