Estrés parental y compromiso paterno percibido en madres con hijos con trastorno del espectro autista
Date
2022-11-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación analizó la relación entre el estrés parental y el compromiso
paterno percibido en madres con hijos con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Para ello,
se estudió a una muestra de 75 madres con hijos de 3 a 6 años que recibían su tratamiento
en instituciones especializadas de Lima Metropolitana. Las edades de las madres
oscilaron entre 23 y 48 años (M=35.04; DE=6.20). Para medir las variables de estudio, se
utilizó el Cuestionario de estrés parental (PSI – SF) y la Escala de Compromiso Paterno
(CP), en su versión para madres, que evaluó la percepción de compromiso paterno. Los
resultados obtenidos mostraron niveles bajos de estrés parental y compromiso paterno,
tanto en las escalas totales como en sus respectivos dominios. En cuanto al objetivo
general, se hallaron correlaciones inversas y bajas entre las escalas totales del
compromiso paterno y el estrés parental. A nivel dimensional, la dimensión Apertura al
mundo del compromiso paterno se correlacionó inversamente con la dimensión Malestar
Paterno y con el puntaje total del estrés parental. Con respecto a los objetivos específicos,
se encontraron diferencias significativas en el dominio Evocación del compromiso
paterno, entre el grupo de madres de niños entre 4 y 5 años y el de madres de niños entre
5 y 6 años. De manera similar, se observaron diferencias significativas en la dimensión
Interacciones entre madres que tienen solo un hijo y las que tienen tres hijos a más.
This research analyzed the relationship between parental stress and perceived parental commitment in mothers with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To do this, a sample of 75 mothers with children between the ages of 3 and 6 who received their treatment in specialized institutions in Metropolitan Lima was studied. The ages of the mothers ranged between 23 and 48 years (M=35.04; SD=6.20). To measure the study variables, the Parental Stress Questionnaire (PSI – SF) and the Parental Commitment Scale (CP), –which value perceived parental commitment– in its version for mothers, were used. The results obtained showed low levels of parental stress and parental commitment, both in the total scales and in their respective domains. Regarding the general objective, inverse and low correlations were found between the total scales of parental commitment and parental stress. At the dimensional level, the Openness to the world dimension of parental commitment was inversely correlated with the Parental Discomfort dimension and with the total parental stress score. Regarding the specific objectives, significant differences were found in the Evocation of parental commitment domain between the group of mothers of children between 4 and 5 years old and that of mothers of children between 5 and 6 years old. Similarly, significant differences were observed in the Interactions dimension between mothers who have only one child and those who have three or more children.
This research analyzed the relationship between parental stress and perceived parental commitment in mothers with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To do this, a sample of 75 mothers with children between the ages of 3 and 6 who received their treatment in specialized institutions in Metropolitan Lima was studied. The ages of the mothers ranged between 23 and 48 years (M=35.04; SD=6.20). To measure the study variables, the Parental Stress Questionnaire (PSI – SF) and the Parental Commitment Scale (CP), –which value perceived parental commitment– in its version for mothers, were used. The results obtained showed low levels of parental stress and parental commitment, both in the total scales and in their respective domains. Regarding the general objective, inverse and low correlations were found between the total scales of parental commitment and parental stress. At the dimensional level, the Openness to the world dimension of parental commitment was inversely correlated with the Parental Discomfort dimension and with the total parental stress score. Regarding the specific objectives, significant differences were found in the Evocation of parental commitment domain between the group of mothers of children between 4 and 5 years old and that of mothers of children between 5 and 6 years old. Similarly, significant differences were observed in the Interactions dimension between mothers who have only one child and those who have three or more children.
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Keywords
Stress (Psicología), Estrés parental, Autismo infantil, Paternidad (Psicología), Madres
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