Los flujos comerciales de importación y las medidas antidumping en el Perú para el período 1992 – 2023
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
Este documento tiene el propósito de evaluar cómo las medidas antidumping
influyen en los flujos comerciales de importación de Perú para el período 1992 – 2023.
Estos remedios comerciales suelen utilizarse para contrarrestar el daño generado a
las industrias nacionales de una economía ante la práctica desleal de comercializar
productos extranjeros a precios inferiores al valor justo.
La metodología de esta investigación se fundamentó en el método hipotético
deductivo, empleando un modelo econométrico basado en los estudios de Prusa
(1996; 2021). La estrategia de estimación se sustentó en los estimadores de efectos
fijos y DIF-GMM. Se utilizaron datos correspondientes a 100 investigaciones
antidumping iniciadas por Perú contra sus socios comerciales, de las cuales 51
resultaron en la imposición de medidas antidumping definitivas.
Los resultados muestran que los derechos antidumping preliminares reducen
el valor de las importaciones en un 33.44%, mientras que los derechos definitivos
causan disminuciones de entre el 44.90% y el 51.42% durante 1992-2023. En el sector
textil, las reducciones son más marcadas, con caídas adicionales de hasta el 65.04%
tras el inicio de investigaciones. En contraste, en el sector de metales comunes, las
investigaciones aumentan las importaciones desde países no investigados entre un
79.50% y un 108.13%. Y respecto a los casos de China, el inicio de investigaciones
reduce las importaciones en un 53.28%, y los derechos preliminares y definitivos las
disminuyen entre un 55.91% y un rango de 37.44% a 49.89%, respectivamente.
This document aims to evaluate how antidumping measures influence import trade flows in Peru for the period 1992 – 2023. These trade remedies are commonly used to counteract the damage inflicted on domestic industries by unfair practices involving the sale of foreign products at prices below fair value. The methodology of this research is based on the hypothetico-deductive method, employing an econometric model inspired by Prusa's studies (1996; 2021). The estimation strategy was based on fixed effects and DIF-GMM estimators. Data corresponding to 100 anti-dumping investigations initiated by Peru against its trading partners were used, of which 51 resulted in the imposition of definitive anti-dumping measures. The results show that preliminary antidumping duties reduce the value of imports by 33.44%, while definitive duties cause decreases ranging from 44.90% to 51.42% during 1992-2023. In the textile sector, the reductions are more pronounced, with additional declines of up to 65.04% following the initiation of investigations. In contrast, in the common metals sector, investigations increase imports from noninvestigated countries by between 79.50% and 108.13%. Regarding cases involving China, the initiation of investigations reduces imports by 53.28%, while preliminary and definitive duties decrease imports by 55.91% and a range of 37.44% to 49.89%, respectively.
This document aims to evaluate how antidumping measures influence import trade flows in Peru for the period 1992 – 2023. These trade remedies are commonly used to counteract the damage inflicted on domestic industries by unfair practices involving the sale of foreign products at prices below fair value. The methodology of this research is based on the hypothetico-deductive method, employing an econometric model inspired by Prusa's studies (1996; 2021). The estimation strategy was based on fixed effects and DIF-GMM estimators. Data corresponding to 100 anti-dumping investigations initiated by Peru against its trading partners were used, of which 51 resulted in the imposition of definitive anti-dumping measures. The results show that preliminary antidumping duties reduce the value of imports by 33.44%, while definitive duties cause decreases ranging from 44.90% to 51.42% during 1992-2023. In the textile sector, the reductions are more pronounced, with additional declines of up to 65.04% following the initiation of investigations. In contrast, in the common metals sector, investigations increase imports from noninvestigated countries by between 79.50% and 108.13%. Regarding cases involving China, the initiation of investigations reduces imports by 53.28%, while preliminary and definitive duties decrease imports by 55.91% and a range of 37.44% to 49.89%, respectively.
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Dumping (Comercio internacional), Importación--Perú, Perú--Comercio, Perú--Política comercial
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