Madre hay más de una: Familias homoparentales de mujeres y sus búsquedas de inclusión en el sistema educativo
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar las estrategias desplegadas por un grupo
de familias homoparentales, constituidas por parejas de mujeres, en sus búsquedas de
inclusión en el sistema educativo peruano. Para ello, se realizaron 10 entrevistas
semiestructuradas a familias con hijos en etapa escolar en Lima Metropolitana,
complementadas con cuatro entrevistas previas y fuentes secundarias. El análisis abordó
la trayectoria personal, la construcción del proyecto familiar, la vinculación con la familia
extendida y la comunidad, así como la interacción con los sistemas de salud y el registro
civil, necesarios para el acceso a la educación. Las familias enfrentan desafíos comunes,
marcados por la ausencia de reconocimiento legal de su configuración y el estigma social
hacia las personas LGBTIQ+. Frente a ello, despliegan estrategias adaptadas a sus
trayectorias y recursos, movilizando capitales económicos, sociales y culturales. Arriban
a la escuela con aprendizajes previos sobre el trato institucional, que replican o ajustan en
su relación con el sistema educativo. Asimismo, se examinó el rol de actores como la
familia extendida, docentes y otros padres de familia en relación con las estrategias
desplegadas. Se concluye que la mayoría de las familias de la muestra adopta un estilo de
crianza concertado y una estrategia de visibilización directa ante las instituciones,
posicionándose como agentes de cambio en la comunidad educativa. En menor medida,
se identificó una estrategia más selectiva entre familias de menores ingresos,
caracterizada por un perfil más reservado y un acercamiento más vertical a las
instituciones.
This research aimed to identify the strategies employed by same-sex families, specifically those headed by female couples in their pursuit of inclusion within the Peruvian educational system. To achieve this, 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted with families who have school-aged children in Lima, the capital city. Four prior interviews and secondary sources supplemented this. The analysis explores personal biographies, family formation histories, relationships with extended family and the broader community, and interactions with key services such as healthcare and civil registry systems, crucial for accessing education. These families consistently face common challenges, exacerbated by the lack of legal recognition and the prevailing social stigma against LGBTIQ+ individuals. In response, they developed strategies aligned with their trajectories and resources, effectively mobilizing their accumulated economic, social, and cultural capital. They arrive at schools with a valuable cultural knowledge of how institutions worked, which they replicate or adapt the strategies when engaging with the educational system. Furthermore, the study examined the role of various key actors, including extended family, teachers, and other parents, concerning the strategies employed. The findings indicate that most families in the sample adopt a concerted cultivation parenting style and actively disclose their lesbian identity when engaging with institutions, positioning themselves as agents of change within the educational community. On other hand, a selective strategy was identified among lower-income families interviewed. This approach is characterized by a more reserved profile, making them less likely to intervene or question institutions like schools.
This research aimed to identify the strategies employed by same-sex families, specifically those headed by female couples in their pursuit of inclusion within the Peruvian educational system. To achieve this, 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted with families who have school-aged children in Lima, the capital city. Four prior interviews and secondary sources supplemented this. The analysis explores personal biographies, family formation histories, relationships with extended family and the broader community, and interactions with key services such as healthcare and civil registry systems, crucial for accessing education. These families consistently face common challenges, exacerbated by the lack of legal recognition and the prevailing social stigma against LGBTIQ+ individuals. In response, they developed strategies aligned with their trajectories and resources, effectively mobilizing their accumulated economic, social, and cultural capital. They arrive at schools with a valuable cultural knowledge of how institutions worked, which they replicate or adapt the strategies when engaging with the educational system. Furthermore, the study examined the role of various key actors, including extended family, teachers, and other parents, concerning the strategies employed. The findings indicate that most families in the sample adopt a concerted cultivation parenting style and actively disclose their lesbian identity when engaging with institutions, positioning themselves as agents of change within the educational community. On other hand, a selective strategy was identified among lower-income families interviewed. This approach is characterized by a more reserved profile, making them less likely to intervene or question institutions like schools.
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Familias homoparentales --Perú, Integración en la educación--Perú, Madres lesbianas--Perú
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