Análisis de los impactos y beneficios ambientales de un techo verde en Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El gran crecimiento urbano de Lima, permite mejorar la calidad de vida de la población,
debido a que hay mejor acceso a servicios importantes como educación, salud y saneamiento. Sin
embargo, al mismo tiempo es fuente de impactos ambientales que están relacionados con las
actividades de la construcción, el consumo de agua y energía, y la generación de residuos, lo que
sumado a la falta de áreas verdes que hay en la ciudad, afecta la calidad del medio ambiente y
compromete la salud de la población. Por ello, es necesario implementar nuevas alternativas que
ayuden a mitigar estos efectos y mejoren la calidad de vida de las personas como el uso de techos
verdes.
En esta investigación se busca analizar los impactos y beneficios ambientales de la
instalación y mantenimiento de un techo verde, usando metodologías de cuantificación de
impactos ambientales mediante el ACV, valorización económica y análisis del ciclo de vida. Como
resultado se obtuvo que para un techo verde típico de Lima, los beneficios ambientales en términos
monetarios son de 2198.39 soles por m2, mientras que los impactos ambientales resultaron en
1329.06 soles por m2, por lo que, finalmente se tiene un impacto neto positivo de 869.33 soles por
m2. Asimismo, al optimizar este techo verde se obtuvo mejores resultados, teniendo finalmente un
impacto neto positivo de 989.83 soles por m2. De esta forma, se busca fomentar el uso de esta
nueva alternativa que mejorará el medio ambiente y la calidad de vida de los habitantes de las
ciudades.
The great urban growth of Lima improves the quality of life of the population, due to the fact that there is better access to important services such as education, health and sanitation. However, at the same time, it is a source of environmental impacts that are related to construction activities, water and energy consumption, and waste generation. This, added to the lack of green areas in the city, affects the environmental quality, as well as the population itself. Therefore, it is necessary to implement new alternatives that help mitigate these effects and improve people’s quality of life, for example, the use of green roofs. In this research, it was sought to analyze the environmental impacts and benefits of installation and maintenance of a green roof, using methodologies of quantification, economic valuation and life cycle analysis. Obtaining a result for a typical green roof in Lima, the environmental benefits in monetary terms are 2198.39 soles per m2, while the environmental impacts resulted in 1329.06 soles per m2, finally having a positive net impact of 869.33 soles per m2. Likewise, by optimizing this green roof, better results were obtained, finally having a positive net of impact of 989.83 soles per m2. In this way, it seeks to promote the use of this new alternative that will improve the environment and the quality of life of city dwellers.
The great urban growth of Lima improves the quality of life of the population, due to the fact that there is better access to important services such as education, health and sanitation. However, at the same time, it is a source of environmental impacts that are related to construction activities, water and energy consumption, and waste generation. This, added to the lack of green areas in the city, affects the environmental quality, as well as the population itself. Therefore, it is necessary to implement new alternatives that help mitigate these effects and improve people’s quality of life, for example, the use of green roofs. In this research, it was sought to analyze the environmental impacts and benefits of installation and maintenance of a green roof, using methodologies of quantification, economic valuation and life cycle analysis. Obtaining a result for a typical green roof in Lima, the environmental benefits in monetary terms are 2198.39 soles per m2, while the environmental impacts resulted in 1329.06 soles per m2, finally having a positive net impact of 869.33 soles per m2. Likewise, by optimizing this green roof, better results were obtained, finally having a positive net of impact of 989.83 soles per m2. In this way, it seeks to promote the use of this new alternative that will improve the environment and the quality of life of city dwellers.
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Palabras clave
Construcción sustentable--Perú--Lima, Análisis del impacto ambiental, Análisis de impacto económico