Conocimientos sobre las dificultades específicas de aprendizaje de estudiantes de educación de dos universidades peruanas de Piura y Trujillo según su formación
Date
2024-01-26
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Los docentes cumplen un rol fundamental en la identificación temprana de
las dificultades específicas de aprendizaje en la escuela, siendo fundamental que
durante su formación universitaria reciban información al respecto. Por ello, el
objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar el nivel de conocimientos de las
dificultades específicas de aprendizaje en estudiantes de educación de dos
universidades peruanas de Piura y Trujillo.
Es un estudio no experimental, transversal y descriptivo, para lo cual se
diseña, valida y administra la “Escala de conocimientos sobre las Dificultades
Específicas de Aprendizaje de la lectura, escritura y matemática” (DEA-LEM). La
muestra está conformada por 85 estudiantes universitarios del último año de la
carrera profesional de educación.
Los resultados evidencian que los estudiantes presentan conocimientos
deficientes sobre Dificultades Específicas de Aprendizaje (DEA), así como en
conocimientos específicos sobre las DEA en Lectura y Escritura, mientras que muy
deficientes en los conocimientos generales sobre DEA y específicos en DEA
Matemática. Asimismo, existen diferencias significativas en conocimientos sobre
las DEA cuando los estudiantes llevaron formación sobre este trastorno dentro de
su plan de estudios y buscaron información adicional sobre el mismo. No se
encontró relevancia al tener en cuenta la especialidad cursada (inicial, primaria o
secundaria) o si mantiene contacto con alguna persona con DEA.
La creación de la Escala DEA-LEM, logró alcanzar validez y fiabilidad
suficientes. Se recomienda fomentar en las universidades peruanas el análisis de sus
planes de estudios y mejorar en el área de dificultades de aprendizaje. Realizar
programas de formación docente. Aplicar la Escala DEA-LEM en futuras
investigaciones, teniendo en consideración a otros agentes en el campo la educación
como los psicólogos, para obtener un panorama más amplio sobre este tema y
determinar si todos sus miembros presentan un nivel de conocimiento adecuado para
intervenir tempranamente en un estudiante con dificultades de aprendizaje.
Teachers play a fundamental role in the early identification of specific learning difficulties at school, and it is essential that they receive information in this regard during their university education. Therefore, the objective of this research is to identify the level of knowledge of specific learning difficulties in education students from two Peruvian universities, one in Piura and other in Trujillo. It is a non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive study, for which the "Knowledge Scale on Specific Learning Difficulties in Reading, Writing and Mathematics" (DEA-LEM) is designed, validated and administered. The sample is made up of 85 university students in the last year of the professional education career. The results show that the students present a deficient global knowledge on Specific Learning Difficulties (SLD), as well as on the SLD in Reading and Writing. They obtained very poor knowledge in General Knowledge and SLD in Mathematics. Regarding the existence of significant differences, it was found that globally there are significant differences in knowledge of the SLD, when students have training in SLD within the study plan and do seek additional information. In addition, no relevance was found when taking into account the specialty studied by the student (initial, primary or secondary) or if they maintain contact with someone with SLD. The creation of the SLD-RWM Scale managed to achieve sufficient validity and reliability. It is recommended to encourage Peruvian universities to analyze their study plans and improve in the area of learning difficulties. Carry out teacher training programs. Apply the SLD-RWM Scale in future research, taking into account other agents in the field of education such as psychologists, to obtain a broader picture of this topic and determine if all its members present an adequate level of knowledge to intervene early in a student with learning difficulties.
Teachers play a fundamental role in the early identification of specific learning difficulties at school, and it is essential that they receive information in this regard during their university education. Therefore, the objective of this research is to identify the level of knowledge of specific learning difficulties in education students from two Peruvian universities, one in Piura and other in Trujillo. It is a non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive study, for which the "Knowledge Scale on Specific Learning Difficulties in Reading, Writing and Mathematics" (DEA-LEM) is designed, validated and administered. The sample is made up of 85 university students in the last year of the professional education career. The results show that the students present a deficient global knowledge on Specific Learning Difficulties (SLD), as well as on the SLD in Reading and Writing. They obtained very poor knowledge in General Knowledge and SLD in Mathematics. Regarding the existence of significant differences, it was found that globally there are significant differences in knowledge of the SLD, when students have training in SLD within the study plan and do seek additional information. In addition, no relevance was found when taking into account the specialty studied by the student (initial, primary or secondary) or if they maintain contact with someone with SLD. The creation of the SLD-RWM Scale managed to achieve sufficient validity and reliability. It is recommended to encourage Peruvian universities to analyze their study plans and improve in the area of learning difficulties. Carry out teacher training programs. Apply the SLD-RWM Scale in future research, taking into account other agents in the field of education such as psychologists, to obtain a broader picture of this topic and determine if all its members present an adequate level of knowledge to intervene early in a student with learning difficulties.
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Keywords
Universidades--Currículo--Perú--La Libertad--Trujillo, Universidades--Currículo--Perú--Piura, Educación--Estudio y enseñanza (Superior)--Perú--La Libertad--Trujillo, Educación--Estudio y enseñanza (Superior)--Perú--Piura, Mediciones y pruebas educativas--Perú--La Libertad--Trujillo, Mediciones y pruebas educativas--Perú--Piura, Personas con problemas de aprendizaje
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