Facilidad para hacer negocios en la Ciudad de Tacna
Date
2017-10-01
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El Perú es un país que ha tenido un crecimiento sostenido de su economía durante los
últimos 10 años, sin embargo, su economía sigue estando basada a la industria extractiva. Son
varios los especialistas que se han manifestado sobre la necesidad de que el Perú pase de ser
exportador de materias primas a exportador de productos terminados, para lograr este
objetivo se requiere incentivar la inversión privada y para ello el punto de partida son las
facilidades que debe ofrecer el Perú para hacer empresa. El Banco Mundial, con sus estudios
subnacionales realizados bajo su metodología del Doing Business, está contribuyendo con
todas las naciones en brindar información sobre su nivel dar facilidades para hacer negocio a
nivel de cada país y tengan la posibilidad de potenciar sus procesos y aplicar las reformas
estructurales necesarias para beneficio de sus economías.
El presente trabajo ha tenido como objetivo el desarrollar un estudio cualitativo
descriptivo, transversal, aplicando la metodología del Doing Business, en la ciudad de Tacna
para contribuir en la identificación de las brechas entre lo establecido y la realidad respecto a
los tiempos, costos y cumplimiento de los procedimientos administrativos vigentes de las
diferentes instancias que intervienes en el flujo del proceso sobre las facilidades de hacer
negocio en dicha ciudad. Para ello se ha realizado el estudio de gabinete que consisten en la
recopilación información sobre la normativa peruana vigente y la información obtenida de
entrevistas mediante el uso de cuestionarios realizados a empresarios, autoridades y
profesionales de la ciudad de Tacna, para finalmente aportar con conclusiones y
recomendaciones. Según los resultados del estudio, en la ciudad de Tacna existen aún
muchos procesos administrativos que consumen tiempo y desgastan el ímpetu de constitución
y puesta en operación de un negocio del empresario o emprendedor, el caso más extremo es
relacionado a la obtención de los permisos de construcción para lo cual se necesita 252 días,
sin considerar el tiempo que demoraría el procedimiento del estudio de impacto vial el cual
está dentro de los procedimientos exigidos y publicados por la municipalidad de Tacna pero
que no son exigidos cuando se gestiona el permiso; así mismo, al no tener la ciudad de Tacna
un juzgado especializado en la resolución de controversias comerciales, cualquier disputa
que pueda originarse es tratada, a través del Poder Judicial, por un tribunal de primera
instancia tomando un tiempo promedio de 1,540 días. Estos hallazgos ponen en evidencia que
existen oportunidades para hacer eficiente el sistema Peruano, deje de ser una barrera y se
convierta en un impulsor para la creación de nuevas empresas en el Perú
The Peru is a country that has had a sustained growth of its economy during the last 10 years, however, its economy is still based on the extractive industry. There are several specialists who have expressed the need for Peru to move from being an exporter of raw materials to exporter of finished products, to achieve this goal is required to encourage private investment and for this the starting point are the facilities that must Offer Peru to do business. The World Bank, with its subnational studies carried out under its Doing Business methodology, is helping all nations in providing information about their level to Doing Business at the level of each country and They have to the possibility to strengthen their processes and implement the reforms that the benefit of their economies. The objective of the present document was to develop a descriptive, cross - sectional qualitative study using the Doing Business methodology in the Tacna city to contribute to the identification of the gaps between the established and the reality regarding time, costs and compliance Of the administrative procedures in force of the different instances that intervene in the flow of the process on the facilities of Doing Business in that city. For that, the study of the cabinet has been carried out, consisting of the collection of information on current Peruvian regulations and the information obtained from interviews through the use of questionnaires made to entrepreneurs, authorities and professionals of the city of Tacna. To finally contribute with conclusions and recommendations. According to the results of the study, in the Tacna city there are still many administrative processes that consume entrepreneur´s time and deplete their passion to set up and start up of a business, the most extreme case is related to obtaining permits construction for which it takes 252 days, without considering the time that would take the procedure of the study of road impact that is within the procedures demanded and published by the Municipality of Tacna city but that are not demanded when the permission is managed; Likewise, since the city of Tacna does not have a specialized court in the resolution of commercial disputes, any dispute that may arise is treated through the Judicial Branch, by a court of first instance, taking an average time of 1,540 days. These findings show that there are opportunities to make the Peruvian system more efficient, stop being a barrier and become and driving for the creation of new companies in Peru
The Peru is a country that has had a sustained growth of its economy during the last 10 years, however, its economy is still based on the extractive industry. There are several specialists who have expressed the need for Peru to move from being an exporter of raw materials to exporter of finished products, to achieve this goal is required to encourage private investment and for this the starting point are the facilities that must Offer Peru to do business. The World Bank, with its subnational studies carried out under its Doing Business methodology, is helping all nations in providing information about their level to Doing Business at the level of each country and They have to the possibility to strengthen their processes and implement the reforms that the benefit of their economies. The objective of the present document was to develop a descriptive, cross - sectional qualitative study using the Doing Business methodology in the Tacna city to contribute to the identification of the gaps between the established and the reality regarding time, costs and compliance Of the administrative procedures in force of the different instances that intervene in the flow of the process on the facilities of Doing Business in that city. For that, the study of the cabinet has been carried out, consisting of the collection of information on current Peruvian regulations and the information obtained from interviews through the use of questionnaires made to entrepreneurs, authorities and professionals of the city of Tacna. To finally contribute with conclusions and recommendations. According to the results of the study, in the Tacna city there are still many administrative processes that consume entrepreneur´s time and deplete their passion to set up and start up of a business, the most extreme case is related to obtaining permits construction for which it takes 252 days, without considering the time that would take the procedure of the study of road impact that is within the procedures demanded and published by the Municipality of Tacna city but that are not demanded when the permission is managed; Likewise, since the city of Tacna does not have a specialized court in the resolution of commercial disputes, any dispute that may arise is treated through the Judicial Branch, by a court of first instance, taking an average time of 1,540 days. These findings show that there are opportunities to make the Peruvian system more efficient, stop being a barrier and become and driving for the creation of new companies in Peru
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Keywords
Nuevas empresas, Emprendimiento (Administración), Investigación cualitativa
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