Capacidades para la gobernanza forestal : el caso de la consulta previa de los reglamentos de la Ley Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre 29763
Date
2020-02-04
Authors
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Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente tesis analiza el proceso de consulta previa de los reglamentos de la
Ley Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre Nro. 29743, realizada desde octubre de 2014 a marzo
de 2015, la cual constituye la primera política pública forestal peruana, en aplicación de
la Ley del Derecho a la Consulta Previa a los Pueblos Indígenas u Originarios (LCP),
quienes ocupan casi el 30% de la extensión de los bosques peruanos, es decir, 56% del
territorio nacional. Este fue un proceso de diálogo y negociación exitoso que configuró
lo que en la presente investigación se denomina “capacidad relacional”, construida al
estudiar el caso en base a cuatro elementos: (i) relación y articulación, (ii) reglas de
juego formales e informales, (iii) dotación de recursos humanos y financieros, y (iv)
liderazgo, los cuales fortalecieron la gobernanza forestal, cinco años después del
Baguazo (2009), conflicto que ocasionó la muerte de 33 personas. El consenso logrado
entre el Estado y los Pueblos Indígenas, en base al desarrollo de la “capacidad
relacional” permitió la implementación de la Política Nacional Forestal y su legitimidad y
propició el establecimiento del Consejo Directivo del Servicio Nacional Forestal y de
Fauna Silvestre (SERFOR), en el que desde el año 2016 cuatro representantes de
organizaciones sociales amazónicas y andinas participan de los procesos decisionales
del sector.
This thesis analyzes the prior consultation associated with the regulations contained in the Forestry and Wildlife Law No. 29743, conducted from October 2014 to March 2015, a law which constitutes the first national public forestry policy –in application of the Prior Consultation Law- produced in consultation with the indigenous peoples who occupy almost 30% of Peruvian forests across 56% of the nation’s territory. This successful process of dialogue and negotiation was based upon what is known as Relational capacity, built through analysis based on four elements: (i) relationships and articulation, (ii) formal and informal rules of the game, (iii) provision of human resources and financing and (iv) leadership. This process strengthened the Peru’s forestry governance, five years after the unfortunate Baguazo incident (2009), which cost the lives of thirty-three Peruvians. The consensus achieved between the state and the indigenous people, developed with the relational capacity, enabled the implementation of the National Forestry Policy and its legitimization, as well as leading to the establishment of the Executive Council of the National Forestry and Wildlife Service (SERFOR), through which four representatives of Amazonian and Andean social organizations have participated in the sector’s decisional processes since 2016.
This thesis analyzes the prior consultation associated with the regulations contained in the Forestry and Wildlife Law No. 29743, conducted from October 2014 to March 2015, a law which constitutes the first national public forestry policy –in application of the Prior Consultation Law- produced in consultation with the indigenous peoples who occupy almost 30% of Peruvian forests across 56% of the nation’s territory. This successful process of dialogue and negotiation was based upon what is known as Relational capacity, built through analysis based on four elements: (i) relationships and articulation, (ii) formal and informal rules of the game, (iii) provision of human resources and financing and (iv) leadership. This process strengthened the Peru’s forestry governance, five years after the unfortunate Baguazo incident (2009), which cost the lives of thirty-three Peruvians. The consensus achieved between the state and the indigenous people, developed with the relational capacity, enabled the implementation of the National Forestry Policy and its legitimization, as well as leading to the establishment of the Executive Council of the National Forestry and Wildlife Service (SERFOR), through which four representatives of Amazonian and Andean social organizations have participated in the sector’s decisional processes since 2016.
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Keywords
Pueblos indígenas--Relaciones gubernamentales-Perú, Bosques--Legislación--Perú, Administración forestal--Perú--Participación ciudadana