Informe jurídico sobre la decisión del Pleno : Sentencia 307/2023 “Caso sobre la Cuestión de Confianza y el rechazo de plano”
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El voto de confianza ha formado parte de la Constitución desde las primeras
etapas de la Carta Magna, sirviendo como mecanismo de defensa que permite
al Ejecutivo solicitar la colaboración del Congreso. Sin embargo, en los últimos
diez años, los gobiernos se han visto constantemente socavados por la falta de
apoyo y la oposición activa de la mayoría parlamentaria. Esto ha llevado a la
erosión de la institución del voto de confianza, tal y como se establece en la Ley
3135 y ahora se valida mediante la sentencia 307/2023 del Tribunal
Constitucional. Esta sentencia otorga al Congreso la facultad exclusiva de
interpretar su propia decisión sobre la concesión de confianza al Ejecutivo y retira
la capacidad excepcional de interpretar una denegación tácita de la confianza.
Este informe demuestra que el Congreso tiene la capacidad de obstaculizar la
gobernabilidad al hacer uso de su autoridad, otorgando una confianza
insustancial al Ejecutivo y despojando al Congreso de su deber de colaborar
durante un período de crisis política en Perú. Esta conclusión se deriva del
examen de los precedentes jurídicos, los principios constitucionales, la
legislación y los casos históricos de votos de confianza, junto con los factores
subyacentes que culminaron en su colapso.
The vote of confidence has been part of the constitution since the early stages of the Carta Magna, serving as a defence mechanism that enables the Executive to seek collaboration from Congress. However, over the past 10 years, governments have consistently been undermined by a lack of support and active opposition from the congressional majority. This has led to the institution of the vote of confidence being eroded, as set out in Law 31355 and now validated by the Constitutional Court's ruling 307/2023. This ruling awards Congress with the exclusive power to interpret its own decision about granting confidence to the Executive, who is now stripped of the ability to interpret an implicit denial of confidence. This report demonstrates that the Congress has the ability to hinder governability by leveraging its authority, bestowing an insubstantial confidence on the Executive and divesting the Congress of its duty to collaborate during a period of political crisis in Peru. This conclusion is derived from an examination of legal precedents, constitutional principles, legislation, and historical instances of confidence votes, along with the underlying factors that culminated in its collapse.
The vote of confidence has been part of the constitution since the early stages of the Carta Magna, serving as a defence mechanism that enables the Executive to seek collaboration from Congress. However, over the past 10 years, governments have consistently been undermined by a lack of support and active opposition from the congressional majority. This has led to the institution of the vote of confidence being eroded, as set out in Law 31355 and now validated by the Constitutional Court's ruling 307/2023. This ruling awards Congress with the exclusive power to interpret its own decision about granting confidence to the Executive, who is now stripped of the ability to interpret an implicit denial of confidence. This report demonstrates that the Congress has the ability to hinder governability by leveraging its authority, bestowing an insubstantial confidence on the Executive and divesting the Congress of its duty to collaborate during a period of political crisis in Peru. This conclusion is derived from an examination of legal precedents, constitutional principles, legislation, and historical instances of confidence votes, along with the underlying factors that culminated in its collapse.
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Perú. Congreso, Relaciones Ejecutivo-Legislativo--Perú, Separación de poderes--Perú, Derecho constitucional--Perú
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item.page.review
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