Planeamiento estratégico de las microfinanzas en la banca privada del Ecuador para el período 2012 - 2020
Date
2019-05-09
Journal Title
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En las últimas décadas las Microfinanzas han sido consideradas una pieza
fundamental para la disminución de la pobreza, ya que generan empleo, contribuyen a los
ingresos nacionales, logran crecimiento económico y estimulan el sector privado,
constituyéndose en la principal función social de la banca. También, este sector ha
demostrado ser altamente rentable, siendo una de las razones por las que la Banca Privada ha
tratado de aumentar su participación en él. En el Ecuador, el mercado de las microfinanzas,
tiene gran potencial, existe aproximadamente un 18% de la población aún por bancarizar y,
adicionalmente, se han impulsado políticas de apoyo al sector microempresarial como
alternativa para el desarrollo del país.
El presente trabajo constituye una propuesta de Planificación Estratégica dirigida a
extender la oferta de servicios financieros desde la Banca Privada para los sectores menos
favorecidos y que a su vez proporcione una rentabilidad necesaria para el crecimiento
sostenido de las instituciones de este sector. Para lo cual se ha realizado un análisis interno y
externo para determinar las fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas que intervienen
en su desarrollo y crecimiento. Esta información nos permitió establecer objetivos de largo y
corto plazo en relación a la profundización, bancarización e inversión en tecnologías de crédito.
Paralelamente, se establecieron estrategias agresivas de penetración y desarrollo del mercado,
desarrollo de productos, integración y diversificación concéntrica, a través de la aplicación
de diferentes matrices (FODA, PEYEA, BCG, MIE, MGE, etc.). Estas estrategias implican:
alta promoción, publicidad o valor añadido al producto o servicio. Finalmente se establecen
mecanismos de control para la verificación del cumplimiento de los objetivos.
En definitiva, la microfinanzas amerita un trato diferente, una mayor profundización,
incorporación de un mayor segmento de la población desatendida, atracción de más capital
privado y una integración plena con los mercados financieros y de capitales locales.
In recent decades, microfinance has been considered a cornerstone for poverty reduction, as it generates employment, contributes to national income, achieves economic growth and stimulates the private sector, becoming the main social function of banking. Also, this sector has proven to be highly profitable, being one of the reasons why private banks have tried to increase their participation in it. In Ecuador, the microfinance market has great potential, there is about 18% of the population still to be banking and, additionally, policies to support the microenterprise sector have been promoted as an alternative to the country's development. This paper is a proposal of Strategic Planning aimed at extending the range of financial services from private banks to the disadvantaged sectors and that in turn provide a return necessary for sustained growth of this sector’s institutions. For which an analysis was performed to determine internal and external strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats involved in its development and growth. This information allowed us to establish long and short term goals in relation to the deepening, banking and lending credit’s technologies. At the same time, aggressive strategies of penetration and market development, product development, integration and concentric diversification have been set through the application of different matrices (SWOT PEYEA, BCG, MIE, MGE, etc.). These strategies involve: high promotion, advertising or added value to the product or service. Finally, control mechanisms for verifying compliance with the targets are established. In conclusion, the microfinance merits a different treatment, further deepening, incorporation of a larger segment of the unserved population, attraction of more private capital and a full integration with financial markets and local capitals.
In recent decades, microfinance has been considered a cornerstone for poverty reduction, as it generates employment, contributes to national income, achieves economic growth and stimulates the private sector, becoming the main social function of banking. Also, this sector has proven to be highly profitable, being one of the reasons why private banks have tried to increase their participation in it. In Ecuador, the microfinance market has great potential, there is about 18% of the population still to be banking and, additionally, policies to support the microenterprise sector have been promoted as an alternative to the country's development. This paper is a proposal of Strategic Planning aimed at extending the range of financial services from private banks to the disadvantaged sectors and that in turn provide a return necessary for sustained growth of this sector’s institutions. For which an analysis was performed to determine internal and external strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats involved in its development and growth. This information allowed us to establish long and short term goals in relation to the deepening, banking and lending credit’s technologies. At the same time, aggressive strategies of penetration and market development, product development, integration and concentric diversification have been set through the application of different matrices (SWOT PEYEA, BCG, MIE, MGE, etc.). These strategies involve: high promotion, advertising or added value to the product or service. Finally, control mechanisms for verifying compliance with the targets are established. In conclusion, the microfinance merits a different treatment, further deepening, incorporation of a larger segment of the unserved population, attraction of more private capital and a full integration with financial markets and local capitals.
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Keywords
Bancos--Ecuador, Instituciones financieras--Ecuador, Planificación estratégica
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