Efectividad del sistema de comunicación PECS a través del entrenamiento virtual a padres en el desarrollo de las funciones comunicativas en un niño de 4 años con trastorno del espectro autista - Estudio de caso
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como propósito describir la efectividad del sistema de
comunicación PECS a través del entrenamiento virtual a padres en el desarrollo de las
funciones comunicativas de un niño de 4 años con Trastorno del Espectro Autista. Así
mismo, uno de los objetivos fue conocer el antes y después de usar este sistema y observar
el nivel de logro en los padres al entrenamiento virtual en cada una de las fases del programa
mencionado. Para ello se realizaron sesiones de inducción, entrenamiento y
retroalimentación durante el tiempo del estudio, el cual fue dirigido a la mamá y hermana
del niño sujeto de investigación.
El PECS es uno de los sistemas alternativos y aumentativos con mayor práctica basada en
evidencia, demostrando su efectividad tal como sucedió en la presente investigación,
cuando al realizar la evaluación inicial y de salida se observaron ganancias significativas
en el desarrollo de las funciones comunicativas. Esta investigación es de tipo idiográfica
con diseño correspondiente al estudio de caso simple e individual. Al culminar la aplicación
del sistema PECS se obtuvieron resultados que indican el desarrollo de las funciones
comunicativas: instrumental, regulatoria, interaccional, personal, heurística e imaginativa,
respecto a la función informativa se encontró en proceso, debido a que el niño, si bien
realizó mayores aproximaciones y emisión de algunas palabras no adquirió el lenguaje oral.
Sin embargo, se observó la efectividad de este sistema, en un contexto virtual mediada por
la familia con las orientaciones de las especialistas.
The present research aimed to describe the effectiveness of the PECS communication system through virtual training for parents in the development of the communicative skills of a 4-year-old child with Autism Spectrum Disorder. One of the objectives was to identify the before and after of using this system and observe the parents’ achievement level in the remote training in each of the phases of the aforementioned program. I carried out different remote sessions such as induction, training and feedback meetings during the course of the research, which was directed to the mother and sister of the child that was part of the investigation. The PECS is one of the most alternative and augmentative systems applied based on evidence and, proving its effectiveness through the whole course of the present investigation, Significant increased communicative skills were observed when comparing the initial assessment with the final evaluation. This is an idiographic research with a design that belongs to a simple and individual case study. At the end of the PECS system training, it was observed an increase in the development of the different communicative areas: instrumental, regulatory, interactional, personal, heuristic and imaginative skills. In the matter of the informative function, progress was also observed, Since the child did perform greater approximations and emission of some words, he did not acquire oral language. In conclusion, the efficiency of this system was proven, in a remote learning context conducted by the family with the guidance of the specialists.
The present research aimed to describe the effectiveness of the PECS communication system through virtual training for parents in the development of the communicative skills of a 4-year-old child with Autism Spectrum Disorder. One of the objectives was to identify the before and after of using this system and observe the parents’ achievement level in the remote training in each of the phases of the aforementioned program. I carried out different remote sessions such as induction, training and feedback meetings during the course of the research, which was directed to the mother and sister of the child that was part of the investigation. The PECS is one of the most alternative and augmentative systems applied based on evidence and, proving its effectiveness through the whole course of the present investigation, Significant increased communicative skills were observed when comparing the initial assessment with the final evaluation. This is an idiographic research with a design that belongs to a simple and individual case study. At the end of the PECS system training, it was observed an increase in the development of the different communicative areas: instrumental, regulatory, interactional, personal, heuristic and imaginative skills. In the matter of the informative function, progress was also observed, Since the child did perform greater approximations and emission of some words, he did not acquire oral language. In conclusion, the efficiency of this system was proven, in a remote learning context conducted by the family with the guidance of the specialists.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Autismo infantil, Percepción auditiva, Niños autistas--Lenguaje, Trastornos del habla en niños
Citación
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