Transmisión intergeneracional de los rituales relacionados con el Butsudán en la comunidad Nikkei en el Perú
Date
2024-04-17
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Los rituales funerarios son prácticas culturales profundamente arraigadas que reflejan las
creencias y valores de una comunidad sobre la muerte y el más allá. Esta investigación se centra
en los rituales funerarios de la cultura Nikkei en Perú, explorando cómo estos se han
transformado y transmitido de generación en generación tras la migración. A través de una
metodología interpretativa, se examina la preservación de la memoria individual y colectiva en
la realización de estos rituales, considerándolos como procesos de comunicación complejos
que involucran no solo la transmisión de conocimientos y prácticas, sino también la
negociación de silencios, olvidos y la participación activa de diversos actores. Basándose en
recuerdos personales del autor, entrevistas en profundidad con miembros de la comunidad, y
el testimonio de su madre, quien ha mantenido vivas estas tradiciones, el estudio revela la
variabilidad de los rituales funerarios Nikkei y su adaptación en el contexto peruano. Se
identifican herramientas de comunicación social como la tradición oral y reuniones familiares
como medios esenciales para la transmisión de estos rituales, destacando el papel de actores
clave en la preservación de la cultura Nikkei, tales como líderes comunitarios y asociaciones
culturales. Los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de los rituales funerarios vividos desde la
infancia del autor, evidenciando cómo estos actúan como vehículos para la preservación de la
memoria y el fortalecimiento de los lazos familiares y comunitarios, a pesar de los desafíos
impuestos por la migración y la ausencia de registros escritos o audiovisuales formales.
Funeral rituals are deeply rooted cultural practices that reflect a community's beliefs and values about death and the afterlife. This research focuses on the funeral rituals of the Nikkei culture in Peru, exploring how they have been transformed and transmitted from generation to generation after migration. Through an interpretative methodology, it examines the preservation of individual and collective memory in the performance of these rituals, considering them as complex communication processes that involve not only the transmission of knowledge and practices but also the negotiation of silences, forgetfulness, and the active participation of various actors. Based on the author's personal memories, in-depth interviews with community members, and the testimony of his mother, who has kept these traditions alive, the study reveals the variability of Nikkei funeral rituals and their adaptation in the Peruvian context. It identifies social communication tools such as oral tradition and family gatherings as essential means for the transmission of these rituals, highlighting the role of key actors in the preservation of Nikkei culture, such as community leaders and cultural associations. The findings underline the importance of the funeral rituals experienced since the author's childhood, demonstrating how these acts as vehicles for the preservation of memory and the strengthening of family and community ties, despite the challenges imposed by migration and the absence of formal written or audiovisual records.
Funeral rituals are deeply rooted cultural practices that reflect a community's beliefs and values about death and the afterlife. This research focuses on the funeral rituals of the Nikkei culture in Peru, exploring how they have been transformed and transmitted from generation to generation after migration. Through an interpretative methodology, it examines the preservation of individual and collective memory in the performance of these rituals, considering them as complex communication processes that involve not only the transmission of knowledge and practices but also the negotiation of silences, forgetfulness, and the active participation of various actors. Based on the author's personal memories, in-depth interviews with community members, and the testimony of his mother, who has kept these traditions alive, the study reveals the variability of Nikkei funeral rituals and their adaptation in the Peruvian context. It identifies social communication tools such as oral tradition and family gatherings as essential means for the transmission of these rituals, highlighting the role of key actors in the preservation of Nikkei culture, such as community leaders and cultural associations. The findings underline the importance of the funeral rituals experienced since the author's childhood, demonstrating how these acts as vehicles for the preservation of memory and the strengthening of family and community ties, despite the challenges imposed by migration and the absence of formal written or audiovisual records.
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Japoneses en Perú--Siglo XXI, Japón--Emigración e inmigración, Japoneses--Aspectos culturales, Japoneses en Perú--Vida social y costumbres
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