Informe Jurídico sobre la Resolución No. 205-2014-SUNARP-TR-A
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La transferencia de acciones en las sociedades anónimas cerradas y su acceso
al Registro de Personas Jurídicas es una temática poco desarrollada en la
doctrina nacional. Esto genera tensiones en la publicidad registral otorgada por
la inscripción en Registros Públicos y el registro interno en los libros de Matrícula
de Acciones de las sociedades y por ende, dudas sobre el efecto frente a
terceros ante una transmisión de acciones.
El objetivo del presente informe jurídico es analizar la Resolución No. 205-2014-
SUNARP-TR-A para determinar si la transferencia de acciones de una sociedad
anónima cerrada mediante cesión de derechos es pasible de inscripción en el
Registro de Personas Jurídicas o si es suficiente su registro en el libro de
Matrícula de Acciones de una sociedad. El análisis se realiza a partir de la
revisión de la Ley General de Sociedades, el Reglamento de Registro de
Sociedades, el Código Civil, la Ley de Títulos Valores y la doctrina relevante.
Como conclusiones tenemos, primero, que el régimen adoptado por nuestra
legislación de numerus clausus excluye la inscripción de las transferencias de
acciones en sociedades anónimas cerradas siendo que su oponibilidad se
produce y logra a través del registro en el libro de Matrícula de Acciones.
Segundo, que la cesión de derechos funciona meramente como negocio causal
de la transferencia de acciones y ello no lo convierte en un acto inscribible.
Tercero, que el Tribunal Registral resuelve correctamente la controversia al
confirmar la tacha del título pero su motivación resulta insuficiente.
The transfer of shares in closed corporations and their access to the Register of Legal Entities is a topic that has not been extensively developed in national doctrine. This creates tensions in the publicity granted by registration in Public Registers and internal registration in the companies' Share Registration Books and, therefore, doubts about the effect on third parties in the event of a transfer of shares. The purpose of this legal report is to analyze Resolution No. 205-2014-SUNARPTR- A to determine whether the transfer of shares in a closed corporation through the assignment of rights is subject to registration in the Registry of Legal Entities or whether its registration in the company's share register is sufficient. The analysis is based on a review of the General Companies Law, the Companies Registration Regulations, the Civil Code, the Securities Law, and relevant doctrine. Our conclusions are, first, that the numerus clausus regime adopted by our legislation excludes the registration of transfers of shares in closed corporations, since their enforceability is achieved through registration in the Share Register. Second, that the transfer of rights merely functions as the causal transaction for the transfer of shares and does not make it a registrable act. Third, that the Registry Court correctly resolves the dispute by confirming the invalidity of the title, but its reasoning is insufficient.
The transfer of shares in closed corporations and their access to the Register of Legal Entities is a topic that has not been extensively developed in national doctrine. This creates tensions in the publicity granted by registration in Public Registers and internal registration in the companies' Share Registration Books and, therefore, doubts about the effect on third parties in the event of a transfer of shares. The purpose of this legal report is to analyze Resolution No. 205-2014-SUNARPTR- A to determine whether the transfer of shares in a closed corporation through the assignment of rights is subject to registration in the Registry of Legal Entities or whether its registration in the company's share register is sufficient. The analysis is based on a review of the General Companies Law, the Companies Registration Regulations, the Civil Code, the Securities Law, and relevant doctrine. Our conclusions are, first, that the numerus clausus regime adopted by our legislation excludes the registration of transfers of shares in closed corporations, since their enforceability is achieved through registration in the Share Register. Second, that the transfer of rights merely functions as the causal transaction for the transfer of shares and does not make it a registrable act. Third, that the Registry Court correctly resolves the dispute by confirming the invalidity of the title, but its reasoning is insufficient.
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Sociedades anonimas, Publicidad registral--Perú, Derecho registral--Perú
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