Secuencia didáctica para la enseñanza de los cuadriláteros con estudiantes del 5° grado de educación primaria basada en el modelo de Van Hiele
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2016-03-30
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En esta tesis se expone una propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza de los cuadriláteros en base
al modelo de Van Hiele para estudiantes del quinto grado de educación primaria. Este modelo
consta de dos aspectos, que son, la descriptiva y la prescriptiva. La descriptiva busca
identificar el nivel de razonamiento del estudiante y, la prescriptiva, que es la parte
metodológica permite diseñar actividades en cada nivel de razonamiento, que puede permitir
al estudiante, transitar al nivel inmediato superior de razonamiento. De esta manera se busca
identificar las prácticas pedagógicas que contribuyan a que los estudiantes alcancen una
actitud más asertiva en la apropiación de las definiciones geométricas y establecer relaciones
entre las propiedades de los cuadriláteros. Por otro lado la metodología de investigación–
acción busca mejorar la práctica docente, al integrar el trabajo intelectual y la reflexión con la
experiencia. La aplicación de una propuesta didáctica, diseñado en actividades didácticas, nos
permite analizar y describir el proceso de adquisición de los niveles de razonamiento en los
estudiantes de primaria sobre el objeto matemático cuadriláteros. Lo que nos permite afirmar,
que la aplicación de una secuencia de actividades diseñadas en base al modelo de Van Hiele,
permite a los estudiantes de quinto grado de primaria, lograr el nivel II de razonamiento
geométrico.
A didactic proposal is exposed in this thesis for teaching quadrilaterals based on the Van Hiele model to fifth grade elementary school students. This model consists of two aspects, which are the descriptive and the prescriptive one. The descrptive one aims to identify a student’s level of reasoning, and the prescriptive one, which is the methodological part, allows for designing activities in each level of reasoning, which may allow the student to move to the inmediate superior level of reasoning. This way, we are looking to identify the educational practices that contribute to students reaching a more assertive attitude in geometric definition appropriation, and to establish relations between the properties of the quadrilaterals. On the other hand, the research–action methodology aims to improve the teaching practice by integrating intellectual work and reflection with experience. Applying a didactic proposal, designed in didactic activities, allows us to analyze and describe the acquisition process of the reasoning levels in elementary students on the quadrilateral mathematical object. This allows us to state that applying a sequence of didactic activities, whose design is based on the Van Hiele model, allows fifth grade elementary students to achieve the II level of geometric reasoning.
A didactic proposal is exposed in this thesis for teaching quadrilaterals based on the Van Hiele model to fifth grade elementary school students. This model consists of two aspects, which are the descriptive and the prescriptive one. The descrptive one aims to identify a student’s level of reasoning, and the prescriptive one, which is the methodological part, allows for designing activities in each level of reasoning, which may allow the student to move to the inmediate superior level of reasoning. This way, we are looking to identify the educational practices that contribute to students reaching a more assertive attitude in geometric definition appropriation, and to establish relations between the properties of the quadrilaterals. On the other hand, the research–action methodology aims to improve the teaching practice by integrating intellectual work and reflection with experience. Applying a didactic proposal, designed in didactic activities, allows us to analyze and describe the acquisition process of the reasoning levels in elementary students on the quadrilateral mathematical object. This allows us to state that applying a sequence of didactic activities, whose design is based on the Van Hiele model, allows fifth grade elementary students to achieve the II level of geometric reasoning.
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Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza (Primaria)., Geometría--Estudio y enseñanza., Educación primaria--Investigaciones.
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