Informe Jurídico sobre la sentencia N.º 23 sobre recurso de anulación de laudo- EXP 145-2012 LIMA
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El presente informe examina la sentencia recaída en la Resolución N.º 23 del
Expediente N.º 145-2012, emitida por la Segunda Sala Civil con subespecialidad
comercial de la Corte Superior de Justicia de Lima. En dicha decisión se declara
fundado un recurso de anulación de laudo arbitral interpuesto al amparo del
literal c) del artículo 63 del Decreto Legislativo N.º 1071, al considerar que las
actuaciones arbitrales no se ajustaron al acuerdo entre las partes. El problema
principal surge a raíz de una transacción extrajudicial celebrada luego del inicio
del arbitraje, cuyo contenido fue desconocido por una de las partes. Frente a
ello, la contraparte dedujo excepciones de incompetencia, cosa juzgada y
transacción, todas desestimadas por el tribunal arbitral mediante laudo parcial.
A lo largo del informe se analizará si el juez excedió los límites del recurso de
anulación al pronunciarse sobre el fondo del conflicto, así como la competencia
del tribunal para resolver la validez de la transacción. Para ello, se distinguirá
entre la falta de motivación y la indebida intromisión judicial en el contenido del
laudo arbitral, así como las teorías que delimitan qué excepciones pueden ser
revisadas de fondo por el juez. Finalmente, se abordarán las diferencias
conceptuales y jurídicas entre conciliación, arbitraje y transacción extrajudicial
en contrataciones públicas.
This report analyzes the ruling issued in Resolution No. 23 of Case File No. 145- 2012, delivered by the Second Civil Chamber with commercial specialization of the Superior Court of Justice of Lima. The decision upheld a request to annul an arbitral award under subsection (c) of Article 63 of Legislative Decree No. 1071, based on the argument that the arbitral proceedings deviated from what had been agreed by the parties. The controversy stemmed from an extrajudicial settlement executed after the arbitration had already commenced, which was subsequently disregarded by one of the parties. In response, the opposing party raised objections of lack of jurisdiction, res judicata, and prior settlement—all of which were dismissed by the arbitral tribunal through a partial award. This report explores whether the court overstepped the legal boundaries of the annulment remedy by intervening in the substantive outcome of the dispute, and whether the arbitral tribunal was competent to rule on the validity of the extrajudicial settlement. The analysis will distinguish between lack of reasoning as an autonomous ground for annulment and improper judicial interference with the merits of the award. It will also examine theories on which types of objections may be reviewed by courts, and clarify the legal differences between conciliation, arbitration, and extrajudicial settlement in public procurement disputes.
This report analyzes the ruling issued in Resolution No. 23 of Case File No. 145- 2012, delivered by the Second Civil Chamber with commercial specialization of the Superior Court of Justice of Lima. The decision upheld a request to annul an arbitral award under subsection (c) of Article 63 of Legislative Decree No. 1071, based on the argument that the arbitral proceedings deviated from what had been agreed by the parties. The controversy stemmed from an extrajudicial settlement executed after the arbitration had already commenced, which was subsequently disregarded by one of the parties. In response, the opposing party raised objections of lack of jurisdiction, res judicata, and prior settlement—all of which were dismissed by the arbitral tribunal through a partial award. This report explores whether the court overstepped the legal boundaries of the annulment remedy by intervening in the substantive outcome of the dispute, and whether the arbitral tribunal was competent to rule on the validity of the extrajudicial settlement. The analysis will distinguish between lack of reasoning as an autonomous ground for annulment and improper judicial interference with the merits of the award. It will also examine theories on which types of objections may be reviewed by courts, and clarify the legal differences between conciliation, arbitration, and extrajudicial settlement in public procurement disputes.
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Arbitraje y laudo--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Nulidad (Derecho)--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Contratos públicos--Perú, Autonomía de la voluntad, Transacción (Derecho)
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