Fortaleza institucional del sistema de gestión de denuncias, a nivel administrativo, en el marco de la política nacional de integridad y lucha contra la corrupción y, el modelo de integridad pública, periodo 2019-2024
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
En el Perú desde el 2010, la corrupción es concebida como el problema principal
del país, las encuestas mostraron que 9 de cada 10 peruanos consideraban que
dicho fenómeno impactaba en su vida cotidiana y se reducía la confianza en los
políticos. En el 2017, el Estado peruano aprueba la Política Nacional de Integridad
y Lucha contra la Corrupción, con objetivo general que se cuente con instituciones
transparentes e íntegras que ejerzan y promuevan su recto desempeño en la esfera
pública y privada; siendo uno de los objetivos específicos el fortalecimiento del
sistema de gestión de denuncias por presuntos actos de corrupción, en la instancia
administrativa y penal. Posteriormente, a fin de dar cumplimiento a la citada política
pública, se aprobó el Plan Nacional de Integridad y Lucha contra la Corrupción 2018-
2021, que plantea un modelo de integridad pública bajo la implementación de 9
componentes, que incorpora lineamientos, estándares y herramientas para prevenir
conductas corruptas y antiéticas dentro del sector público; siendo uno de sus
componentes el “Canal de denuncias” que es el mecanismo que permite a los
ciudadanos a acudir a la entidad pública para comunicar tales conductas
cuestionables incurridas por servidores públicos. Por lo anteriormente señalado, el
objetivo de la presente investigación busca comprender la fortaleza institucional del
Sistema de Gestión de Denuncias, a nivel administrativo, en el periodo 2019-2024.
Para el desarrollo de esta investigación se utilizará un estudio de caso de tipo
interpretativo, toda vez que se utilizará la teoría existente para comprender el caso
peruano. Para el desarrollo de este estudio de casos se realizaron diez (10)
entrevistas a especialistas en Gestión de Denuncias y expertos en Gestión Pública
y Antisborno. El resultado de la presente investigación permitirá concluir que el
Sistema de Gestión de Denuncias, a nivel administrativo, es una institución
formalmente estable pero débilmente impuesta, así como, se han identificado los
factores causales de tal situación, que son los siguientes: (i) la reducida voluntad
política y liderazgo en la rectoría, (ii) la alta rotación del personal especializado en
las Oficinas de Integridad, y (iii) los débiles mecanismos de coordinación
interinstitucional.
In Peru, corruption has been viewed as the country's main problem since 2010. Surveys showed that 9 out of 10 Peruvians believed that this phenomenon impacted their daily lives and reduced trust in politicians. In 2017, the Peruvian State approved the National Policy on Integrity and the Fight against Corruption, with the general objective of creating transparent and upright institutions that exercise and promote proper conduct in the public and private spheres. One of the specific objectives is to strengthen the system for managing complaints about alleged acts of corruption, both at the administrative and criminal levels. Subsequently, in order to comply with this public policy, the National Integrity and the Fight against Corruption Plan 2018-2021 was approved. This plan proposes a public integrity model based on the implementation of 9 components, incorporating guidelines, standards, and tools to prevent corrupt and unethical conduct within the public sector. being one of its components the "Complaints Channel" which is the mechanism that allows citizens to go to the public entity to report such questionable conduct incurred by public servants. For the aforementioned reasons, the objective of this research seeks to understand the institutional strength of the Complaints Management System, at the administrative level, in the period 2019-2024. For the development of this research, an interpretive case study will be used, since the existing theory will be used to understand the Peruvian case. For the development of this case study, ten (10) interviews were conducted with specialists in Complaints Management and experts in Public Management and Anti-bribery. The results of this research conclude that the Complaints Management System, at the administrative level, is a formally stable but weakly enforced institution. The causal factors for this situation have been identified, which are: (i) the lack of political will and leadership in the administration, (ii) the high turnover of specialized staff in the Integrity Offices, and (iii) weak inter-institutional coordination mechanisms.
In Peru, corruption has been viewed as the country's main problem since 2010. Surveys showed that 9 out of 10 Peruvians believed that this phenomenon impacted their daily lives and reduced trust in politicians. In 2017, the Peruvian State approved the National Policy on Integrity and the Fight against Corruption, with the general objective of creating transparent and upright institutions that exercise and promote proper conduct in the public and private spheres. One of the specific objectives is to strengthen the system for managing complaints about alleged acts of corruption, both at the administrative and criminal levels. Subsequently, in order to comply with this public policy, the National Integrity and the Fight against Corruption Plan 2018-2021 was approved. This plan proposes a public integrity model based on the implementation of 9 components, incorporating guidelines, standards, and tools to prevent corrupt and unethical conduct within the public sector. being one of its components the "Complaints Channel" which is the mechanism that allows citizens to go to the public entity to report such questionable conduct incurred by public servants. For the aforementioned reasons, the objective of this research seeks to understand the institutional strength of the Complaints Management System, at the administrative level, in the period 2019-2024. For the development of this research, an interpretive case study will be used, since the existing theory will be used to understand the Peruvian case. For the development of this case study, ten (10) interviews were conducted with specialists in Complaints Management and experts in Public Management and Anti-bribery. The results of this research conclude that the Complaints Management System, at the administrative level, is a formally stable but weakly enforced institution. The causal factors for this situation have been identified, which are: (i) the lack of political will and leadership in the administration, (ii) the high turnover of specialized staff in the Integrity Offices, and (iii) weak inter-institutional coordination mechanisms.
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Palabras clave
Corrupción administrativa--Perú--Siglo XXI, Institucionalismo--Perú--Siglo XXI, Corrupción--Política gubernamental--Perú--Siglo XXI, Perú--Gestión pública--Siglo XXI
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