Bienes comunes y economías locales: Desarrollo de capacidades colectivas para la gestión sostenible del ecosistema bosque seco en Morropón, Piura, Perú
Date
2023-03-24
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Esta investigación presenta una aproximación hacia estrategias de desarrollo en vínculo con la
gestión sostenible de un bien de acceso común en territorios rurales. La exitosa reforestación y
conservación sostenible del bosque de Manga Manga (Morropón, Piura, Perú) por parte de la
Asociación Agraria de Manga Manga nos permite conocer procesos de manejo comunitario de
bienes comunes. Se estudian los factores que hacen posible la gestión sostenible del ecosistema
bosque contribuyendo con el fortalecimiento de las economías locales. Asimismo, se brindan
elementos para evaluar la necesidad de incorporar una dimensión colectiva y ecológica en el
enfoque de capacidades para el desarrollo propuesto por Sen (2000) incluyendo en la evaluación del
desarrollo a las estructuras socio-históricas y biofísicas que enmarcan la experiencia humana.
A través de un seguimiento de proceso, nos aproximamos desde una metodología cualitativa
utilizando encuestas a hogares y entrevistas a profundidad. Los resultados de la investigación
brindan evidencia del rol multidimensional que asume el “bosque conservado” para el desarrollo de
capacidades de los miembros de la asociación tanto en la generación de miembros fundadores como
en las siguientes generaciones. El bosque conservado provee servicios ecosistémicos entre los que
resaltan los de provisión de leña y agua limpia, reguladores del clima, la temperatura, la formación
de suelos para agricultura y el control de plagas. Estos elementos constituyen la base de recursos,
modifican factores de conversión y preferencias adaptativas de los miembros de la colectividad para
el desarrollo de capacidades que garanticen el bienestar superando contextos de injusticia
estructural. Se identifica el desarrollo de una capacidad colectiva para garantizar, desde la acción
colectiva, la gestión sostenible del bosque. El caso de estudio aporta evidencias de un adecuado
manejo comunitario de un bien común en proyectos de conservación forestal. Sobre todo, en
contextos de reforestación de bosques secundarios desde comunidades dedicadas a la pequeña
agricultura. Las entrevistas permitieron reconocer que la generación de consensos entre los
miembros de la comunidad respecto a las ventajas de la conservación y el uso sostenible del bien
común, así como delimitar reglas claras de apropiación justa y compartir la vigilancia son factores
que garantizan la sostenibilidad del proceso de conservación y uso sostenible.
This research presents an approach towards development strategies linked to the sustainable management of a common access asset in rural territories. The successful reforestation and sustainable conservation of the Manga Manga forest (Morropón, Piura, Peru) by the Manga Manga Agrarian Association allows us to study the factors that make these processes viable from the participation of the surrounding communities. Furthermore, it provides elements to evaluate the need to incorporate a collective and ecological dimension in the capabilities approach to development proposed by Sen (2000), including in the evaluation of development the socio- historical and biophysical structures that frame the human experience. Through process tracing, we approach from a qualitative methodology using household surveys and in-depth interviews. The results of the research provide evidence of the multidimensional role that the "conserved forest" assumes for the development of capacities of the members of the association, in the generation of founding members and in the following generations. The conserved forest provides ecosystem services, among which the provision of firewood and clean water, climate regulators, temperature, soil formation for agriculture and pest control stand out. These elements constitute the resource base; modify conversion factors and adaptive preferences of the members of the community for the development of capacities that guarantee well-being by overcoming contexts of structural injustice. The case study also makes it possible to discuss the need to incorporate communities in projects for the conservation of common assets such as forests. Especially in contexts of reforestation of secondary forests from communities dedicated to small agriculture. The interviews allow us to recognize that the generation of consensus among the members of the community regarding the advantages of conservation and sustainable use of the common good, as well as defining clear rules of fair appropriation and sharing surveillance are factors that guarantee the sustainability of the process of conservation and sustainable use.
This research presents an approach towards development strategies linked to the sustainable management of a common access asset in rural territories. The successful reforestation and sustainable conservation of the Manga Manga forest (Morropón, Piura, Peru) by the Manga Manga Agrarian Association allows us to study the factors that make these processes viable from the participation of the surrounding communities. Furthermore, it provides elements to evaluate the need to incorporate a collective and ecological dimension in the capabilities approach to development proposed by Sen (2000), including in the evaluation of development the socio- historical and biophysical structures that frame the human experience. Through process tracing, we approach from a qualitative methodology using household surveys and in-depth interviews. The results of the research provide evidence of the multidimensional role that the "conserved forest" assumes for the development of capacities of the members of the association, in the generation of founding members and in the following generations. The conserved forest provides ecosystem services, among which the provision of firewood and clean water, climate regulators, temperature, soil formation for agriculture and pest control stand out. These elements constitute the resource base; modify conversion factors and adaptive preferences of the members of the community for the development of capacities that guarantee well-being by overcoming contexts of structural injustice. The case study also makes it possible to discuss the need to incorporate communities in projects for the conservation of common assets such as forests. Especially in contexts of reforestation of secondary forests from communities dedicated to small agriculture. The interviews allow us to recognize that the generation of consensus among the members of the community regarding the advantages of conservation and sustainable use of the common good, as well as defining clear rules of fair appropriation and sharing surveillance are factors that guarantee the sustainability of the process of conservation and sustainable use.
Description
Keywords
Administración forestal--Perú--Piura, Gestión de ecosistemas--Perú--Piura, Recursos naturales--Administración--Perú--Piura, Protección de los bosques--Perú--Piura
Citation
Collections
Endorsement
Review
Supplemented By
Referenced By
Creative Commons license
Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess