Informe jurídico sobre la Casación N° 261-2022, Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
A continuación, se realizará un análisis jurídico que comprende aspectos
normativos, jurisprudenciales y doctrinarios de la Sentencia de Casación Nº 261-
2022, Lima, emitida en el contexto de un proceso contencioso administrativo
iniciado por la demanda interpuesta por Maxi Mobility Perú S.A.C. (Cabify) contra
el Indecopi. En dicha demanda, Cabify solicitó la nulidad de la resolución que
agotó la vía administrativa, por la cual se le sancionó por no contar con un Libro
de Reclamaciones en su aplicativo móvil.
En primera instancia judicial, la demanda fue desestimada. Posteriormente, ante
la apelación de Cabify, la Sala Superior revocó la sentencia y declaró fundada
demanda, disponiendo la nulidad de la resolución del Indecopi. Frente a ello, esta
entidad interpuso recurso de casación, el cual fue declarado fundado por la Sala
de Derecho Constitucional y Social de la Corte Suprema, la cual, actuando en
sede de instancia, confirmó la sentencia de primera instancia que declaró
infundada la demanda.
La Corte Suprema consideró que su Resolución el Indecopi aplicó una
interpretación teleológica de la normativa sobre el Libro de Reclamaciones, en
beneficio de los intereses de los consumidores, al concluir que Cabify tenía la
obligación de implementar dicho mecanismo en su aplicativo móvil para facilitar
la presentación de reclamos.
Es en este escenario que corresponde analizar si Cabify, al no prestar
directamente el servicio de taxi, califica como proveedor, considerando la escasa
regulación nacional sobre economías colaborativas, y si la referida interpretación
teleológica vulnera los principios de legalidad y tipicidad que limitan la potestad
sancionadora de la administración pública.
This legal report is based on normative, jurisprudential, and doctrinal analysis of Cassation Judgment No. 261-2022, Lima, issued in the context of an administrative litigation process initiated by a lawsuit filed by Maxi Mobility Perú S.A.C. (Cabify) against Indecopi. Cabify requested the annulment of the final administrative resolution, which imposed a sanction for not having a Complaints Book within its mobile application. At the initial judicial level, the lawsuit was dismissed. However, after Cabify filed an appeal, the Superior Court overturned the initial ruling, thus declaring the lawsuit well-founded, annulling the resolution issued by Indecopi. In response, Indecopi filed a cassation appeal. The Constitutional and Social Law Chamber of the Supreme Court granted the cassation appeal and, acting as a court of instance, confirmed the first instance decision that had dismissed the claim. The Cassation Judgment considered that Indecopi’s resolution involved a teleological interpretation of the regulations on the Complaints Book. This interpretation favored consumer interests, as it concluded that Cabify was required to implement a Complaints Book in its app to enable users to submit complaints. Accordingly, it is pertinente to examine whether Cabify, despite not directly providing taxi services, qualifies as a supplier under nacional law, given the limited regulation of the sharing economy. Additionally, a key issue is whether Indecopi’s teleological interpretation contravened the principles of legality and typicity, which limit the sanctioning authority of public entities.
This legal report is based on normative, jurisprudential, and doctrinal analysis of Cassation Judgment No. 261-2022, Lima, issued in the context of an administrative litigation process initiated by a lawsuit filed by Maxi Mobility Perú S.A.C. (Cabify) against Indecopi. Cabify requested the annulment of the final administrative resolution, which imposed a sanction for not having a Complaints Book within its mobile application. At the initial judicial level, the lawsuit was dismissed. However, after Cabify filed an appeal, the Superior Court overturned the initial ruling, thus declaring the lawsuit well-founded, annulling the resolution issued by Indecopi. In response, Indecopi filed a cassation appeal. The Constitutional and Social Law Chamber of the Supreme Court granted the cassation appeal and, acting as a court of instance, confirmed the first instance decision that had dismissed the claim. The Cassation Judgment considered that Indecopi’s resolution involved a teleological interpretation of the regulations on the Complaints Book. This interpretation favored consumer interests, as it concluded that Cabify was required to implement a Complaints Book in its app to enable users to submit complaints. Accordingly, it is pertinente to examine whether Cabify, despite not directly providing taxi services, qualifies as a supplier under nacional law, given the limited regulation of the sharing economy. Additionally, a key issue is whether Indecopi’s teleological interpretation contravened the principles of legality and typicity, which limit the sanctioning authority of public entities.
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Recurso de casación--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Comportamiento del consumidor, Protección del consumidor--Legislación--Perú, Perú. Corte Suprema de Justicia--Jurisprudencia
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
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