Correlación del valor de soporte de California (CBR) saturado y no saturado para distintos tipos de suelo
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La evaluación de la relación de soporte del suelo mediante el ensayo CBR es fundamental
en el diseño y construcción de proyectos de infraestructura vial. Sin embargo, el procedimiento
de ensayo incluye un periodo de inmersión de 04 días, lo que prolonga el tiempo de ensayo. En
este contexto, la presente investigación analiza la correlación entre el CBR saturado, el CBR
no saturado, la máxima densidad seca y el contenido de finos, con el objetivo de desarrollar
modelos estadísticos que permitan estimar el CBR sin necesidad de la inmersión.
Se realizaron ensayos de laboratorio en 12 muestras de suelos granulares y finos
provenientes de distintas regiones del país, siguiendo los lineamientos de las normativas
vigentes. Posteriormente, se aplicó un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple para desarrollar
modelos predictivos y se validó su significancia mediante el análisis de varianza (ANOVA).
Los resultados muestran que el CBR no saturado es generalmente mayor que el CBR
saturado, siendo esta diferencia más pronunciada en suelos finos y arenosos. La ausencia del
periodo de inmersión incrementa el valor del CBR, afectando en mayor proporción a los suelos
con mayor contenido de finos. Los modelos obtenidos presentan coeficientes de determinación
(R2) superiores a 0.8, lo que confirma su alta confiabilidad para estimar el CBR saturado.
Además, el análisis de varianza valida la significancia estadística de la mayoría de los modelos.
En conclusión, el CBR no saturado es una alternativa viable para predecir la relación de
soporte del suelo sin necesidad del periodo de inmersión, optimizando el tiempo de ejecución
del ensayo CBR. Se recomienda ampliar el estudio con más muestras y evaluar su aplicación
en campo para futuras normativas nacionales.
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test is a fundamental method for evaluating soil bearing capacity in the design and construction of road infrastructure projects. However, the standard test procedure requires a four-day soaking period, which extends the overall testing time. This study investigates the correlation between soaked CBR, unsoaked CBR, maximum dry density, and fine content to develop statistical models capable of reliably estimating CBR without the need of soaking period. Laboratory tests were conducted on 12 granular and fine soil samples from various regions of the country, following established testing standards. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to develop predictive models, which were subsequently validated through analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings indicate that unsoaked CBR values are generally higher than soaked CBR values, with the difference being more pronounced in fine and sandy soils. The absence of the soaking period leads to an increase in the CBR value, with a more significant effect on soils with higher fines content. The proposed models exhibit coefficients of determination (R2) exceeding 0.8, demonstrating their reliability in estimating soaked CBR. Additionally, ANOVA results confirm the statistical significance of most models. In conclusion, unsoaked CBR proves to be a viable alternative for predicting soil bearing capacity while eliminating the need for a prolonged soaking period, thereby optimizing test efficiency. Further research incorporating a larger dataset and field validation is recommended to support the development of future national regulations.
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test is a fundamental method for evaluating soil bearing capacity in the design and construction of road infrastructure projects. However, the standard test procedure requires a four-day soaking period, which extends the overall testing time. This study investigates the correlation between soaked CBR, unsoaked CBR, maximum dry density, and fine content to develop statistical models capable of reliably estimating CBR without the need of soaking period. Laboratory tests were conducted on 12 granular and fine soil samples from various regions of the country, following established testing standards. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to develop predictive models, which were subsequently validated through analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings indicate that unsoaked CBR values are generally higher than soaked CBR values, with the difference being more pronounced in fine and sandy soils. The absence of the soaking period leads to an increase in the CBR value, with a more significant effect on soils with higher fines content. The proposed models exhibit coefficients of determination (R2) exceeding 0.8, demonstrating their reliability in estimating soaked CBR. Additionally, ANOVA results confirm the statistical significance of most models. In conclusion, unsoaked CBR proves to be a viable alternative for predicting soil bearing capacity while eliminating the need for a prolonged soaking period, thereby optimizing test efficiency. Further research incorporating a larger dataset and field validation is recommended to support the development of future national regulations.
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Suelos--Análisis, Ingeniería civil--Modelos matemáticos, Pavimentos--Diseño y construcción
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