Conocimiento sobre el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad en docentes de educación inicial y primaria de instituciones educativas públicas y privadas de Lima Metropolitana, 2024
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El TDAH es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo que afecta al proceso educativo del niño, y
durante las primeras etapas de la escolaridad, la sintomatología interfiere en la adquisición
y consolidación de habilidades para el aprendizaje, lo que representa todo un desafío para
los docentes. Por ello, se hace indispensable contar con conocimientos sobre este
trastorno para orientar, intervenir o hacer un adecuado seguimiento y acompañamiento
de los casos. En este contexto, el estudio tuvo por objetivo, comparar el nivel de
conocimiento del TDAH que presentan los docentes de educación inicial y primaria de
instituciones educativas públicas y privadas. El diseño metodológico es descriptivo
comparativo en el que participaron 140 docentes de educación inicial y primaria. La
recolección de datos se hizo a través del cuestionario para evaluar el conocimiento de los
docentes sobre el TDAH (MAE-TDAH, Soroa et al., 2014). Los resultados indican
diferencias significativas tanto en el total de la variable: nivel de conocimiento sobre
TDAH (X2 = 13,216; p = 0,001), como en cada una de sus dimensiones, a saber:
conocimientos generales (X2 = 4,685; p = 0,048), síntomas y diagnóstico (X2 = 9,977; p
= 0,004), etiología (X2 = 6,102; p = 0,024), y tratamiento (X2 = 9,031; p = 0,006). En
conclusión, se verifican diferencias significativas en el nivel de conocimiento sobre el
TDAH en la muestra de docentes de instituciones educativas públicas y privadas; en todos
los casos de comparación, se encontró que el porcentaje en el nivel alto es favorable a los
docentes de las instituciones educativas privadas.
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a child's educational process. During the early stages of schooling, symptoms interfere with the acquisition and consolidation of learning skills, which represents a challenge for teachers. Therefore, it is essential to have knowledge about this disorder to guide, intervene, or adequately monitor and support cases. In this context, the study aimed to compare the level of knowledge about ADHD among early childhood and primary school teachers from public and private educational institutions. The methodological design is descriptive and comparative, in which 140 early childhood and primary education teachers participated. Data collection was done through the questionnaire to assess teachers' knowledge of ADHD (MAETDAH, Soroa et al., 2014). The results indicate significant differences both in the total variable: level of knowledge about ADHD (X2 = 13.216; p = 0.001), and in each of its dimensions, namely: general knowledge (X2 = 4.685; p = 0.048), symptoms and diagnosis (X2 = 9.977; p = 0.004), etiology (X2 = 6.102; p = 0.024), and treatment (X2 = 9.031; p = 0.006). In conclusion, significant differences were verified in the level of knowledge about ADHD in the sample of teachers from public and private educational institutions; in all cases of comparison, it was found that the percentage at the high level is favorable to teachers from private educational institutions.
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a child's educational process. During the early stages of schooling, symptoms interfere with the acquisition and consolidation of learning skills, which represents a challenge for teachers. Therefore, it is essential to have knowledge about this disorder to guide, intervene, or adequately monitor and support cases. In this context, the study aimed to compare the level of knowledge about ADHD among early childhood and primary school teachers from public and private educational institutions. The methodological design is descriptive and comparative, in which 140 early childhood and primary education teachers participated. Data collection was done through the questionnaire to assess teachers' knowledge of ADHD (MAETDAH, Soroa et al., 2014). The results indicate significant differences both in the total variable: level of knowledge about ADHD (X2 = 13.216; p = 0.001), and in each of its dimensions, namely: general knowledge (X2 = 4.685; p = 0.048), symptoms and diagnosis (X2 = 9.977; p = 0.004), etiology (X2 = 6.102; p = 0.024), and treatment (X2 = 9.031; p = 0.006). In conclusion, significant differences were verified in the level of knowledge about ADHD in the sample of teachers from public and private educational institutions; in all cases of comparison, it was found that the percentage at the high level is favorable to teachers from private educational institutions.
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Trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, Trastornos del aprendizaje (Educación), Personal docente--Capacitación
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