Cuerpo y subjetividad en las narrativas de mujeres burrier recluidas en el Establecimiento Penitenciario Chorrillos I
Date
2019-05-20
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general explorar las
narrativas de cuerpo y subjetividad a través de la reconstrucción de las
trayectorias de vida de cinco mujeres encarceladas en el E. P. Chorrillos I (Santa
Mónica) por el delito de tráfico ilícito de drogas, en la modalidad de burrier. Se
realizó una investigación cualitativa, con enfoque fenomenológico, que utilizó
como técnicas de recojo de información la entrevista individual a profundidad y
la línea de tiempo. Se encontró que las mujeres identificaron tres hitos en sus
narrativas de cuerpo y subjetividad en la reconstrucción de sus trayectorias de
vida: a) experiencias de pérdida, entendidas como crisis personales y familiares
por la muerte de seres queridos, la ausencia materna y el encarcelamiento de
personas cercanas, b) la maternidad, referida a experiencias corporales y
afectivas en su vivencia de ser madres y en el recuerdo de sus experiencias
como hijas, y al discurso pedagógico de maternidad idealizada, empleado para
la resocialización y disciplina carcelarias, y c) el involucramiento en el delito,
entendido como la forma en que las participantes se inician en el transporte de
drogas, las motivaciones para participar, las atribuciones de responsabilidad y la
exposición a la violencia a partir de su ingreso a la cadena delictiva. Además, se
analiza el lugar del cuerpo en el delito, en función a la preparación del cuerpo, la
disposición subjetiva y el atractivo físico. Por último, se abordan las
transformaciones en la vivencia del cuerpo y la subjetividad como parte de la
adaptación al encarcelamiento. Las narrativas que emergen tienen que ver con
vivencias subjetivas de culpa, arrepentimiento, renacimiento, sacrificio, propósito
y esperanza.
The main objective of this research was to explore the narratives of body and subjectivity based on the reconstruction of the life trajectories of five women incarcerated in the penitentiary facility of Chorrillos I (Santa Monica) for drug trafficking, in the modality commonly known as burrier. A qualitative research was carried out, with a phenomenological approach, which used individual in-depth interviews and timelines as information gathering techniques. It was found that women identified three milestones in their narratives of body and subjectivity through the reconstruction of their life trajectories: a) experiences of loss, understood as personal and family crises due to the death of loved ones, maternal absence and the imprisonment of relatives and significant others, b) motherhood, referring to bodily and affective experiences related to being a mother and to the memory of their experiences as daughters, and to the pedagogic discourse of idealized motherhood, used for re-socialization and prison discipline, and c) the involvement in drug trafficking, understood as the way in which the participants begin in the transportation of drugs, the motivations to participate, the attributions of responsibility and the exposure to violence due to their entry into the criminal chain. In addition, the place of the body in crime is analyzed, according to body preparation, subjective disposition and physical attractiveness. Finally, the transformations in the experience of the body and subjectivity are addressed as part of the adaptation to imprisonment. The narratives that emerge are related to subjective experiences of guilt, contrition, rebirth, sacrifice, purpose and hope.
The main objective of this research was to explore the narratives of body and subjectivity based on the reconstruction of the life trajectories of five women incarcerated in the penitentiary facility of Chorrillos I (Santa Monica) for drug trafficking, in the modality commonly known as burrier. A qualitative research was carried out, with a phenomenological approach, which used individual in-depth interviews and timelines as information gathering techniques. It was found that women identified three milestones in their narratives of body and subjectivity through the reconstruction of their life trajectories: a) experiences of loss, understood as personal and family crises due to the death of loved ones, maternal absence and the imprisonment of relatives and significant others, b) motherhood, referring to bodily and affective experiences related to being a mother and to the memory of their experiences as daughters, and to the pedagogic discourse of idealized motherhood, used for re-socialization and prison discipline, and c) the involvement in drug trafficking, understood as the way in which the participants begin in the transportation of drugs, the motivations to participate, the attributions of responsibility and the exposure to violence due to their entry into the criminal chain. In addition, the place of the body in crime is analyzed, according to body preparation, subjective disposition and physical attractiveness. Finally, the transformations in the experience of the body and subjectivity are addressed as part of the adaptation to imprisonment. The narratives that emerge are related to subjective experiences of guilt, contrition, rebirth, sacrifice, purpose and hope.
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Establecimiento Penal de Mujeres de Chorrillos, Prisioneras--Perú--Entrevistas, Narcotráfico--Perú, Mujeres--Perú--Condiciones sociales
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