Informe jurídico sobre la sentencia recaída en el Expediente N.º 01606-2018-PHC/TC. Caso “El Muro de la Vergüenza”
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El presente informe jurídico analiza la constitucionalidad de la construcción del
muro que divide físicamente los distritos de La Molina y Villa María del Triunfo,
en Lima Metropolitana. A partir del estudio de la sentencia del Tribunal
Constitucional en el Expediente N.° 01606-2018-PHC/TC, se evalúa si dicha
medida vulnera derechos fundamentales reconocidos tanto en el ordenamiento
jurídico nacional como en el internacional, tales como la libertad de tránsito, la
igualdad ante la ley y el mandato de no discriminación.
El análisis concluye que la construcción del muro no supera el test de
proporcionalidad en su etapa de necesidad, ya que existían alternativas menos
lesivas para alcanzar los fines de seguridad ciudadana alegados. Asimismo, se
identifica que esta medida tiene un impacto diferenciado y desproporcionado
sobre los habitantes de Villa María del Triunfo, un distrito históricamente
marginado, lo que configura una forma de discriminación indirecta y estructural
basada en criterios socioeconómicos.
Por último, se examina la invocación del denominado “derecho a la paz social”
por parte del Tribunal Constitucional, concluyéndose que este carece de los
elementos estructurales necesarios para ser considerado un verdadero derecho
fundamental con exigibilidad propia. En consecuencia, se determina que la
construcción del muro es inconstitucional por vulnerar derechos fundamentales
y reproducir una lógica de exclusión incompatible con los valores de un Estado
constitucional y democrático de derecho.
This legal report analyzes the constitutionality of the construction of the wall that physically divides the districts of La Molina and Villa María del Triunfo in Lima Metropolitan Area. Based on the analysis of the Constitutional Court’s ruling in Case No. 01606-2018-PHC/TC, the report assesses whether the measure violates fundamental rights recognized under both national and international legal frameworks, such as the right to freedom of movement, equality before the law, and the prohibition of discrimination. The analysis concludes that the wall fails to pass the proportionality test at the necessity stage, as there were less restrictive alternatives to achieve the stated objectives of public safety. Furthermore, the measure disproportionately and differentially impacts the residents of Villa María del Triunfo, a historically marginalized district, thus constituting a form of indirect and structural discrimination based on socioeconomic grounds. Finally, the report examines the Constitutional Court’s invocation of the so-called “right to social peace,” concluding that it lacks the structural elements required to be considered an autonomous, enforceable fundamental right. Consequently, the construction of the wall is deemed unconstitutional as it infringes upon fundamental rights and perpetuates a logic of exclusion incompatible with the values of a social and democratic rule of law.
This legal report analyzes the constitutionality of the construction of the wall that physically divides the districts of La Molina and Villa María del Triunfo in Lima Metropolitan Area. Based on the analysis of the Constitutional Court’s ruling in Case No. 01606-2018-PHC/TC, the report assesses whether the measure violates fundamental rights recognized under both national and international legal frameworks, such as the right to freedom of movement, equality before the law, and the prohibition of discrimination. The analysis concludes that the wall fails to pass the proportionality test at the necessity stage, as there were less restrictive alternatives to achieve the stated objectives of public safety. Furthermore, the measure disproportionately and differentially impacts the residents of Villa María del Triunfo, a historically marginalized district, thus constituting a form of indirect and structural discrimination based on socioeconomic grounds. Finally, the report examines the Constitutional Court’s invocation of the so-called “right to social peace,” concluding that it lacks the structural elements required to be considered an autonomous, enforceable fundamental right. Consequently, the construction of the wall is deemed unconstitutional as it infringes upon fundamental rights and perpetuates a logic of exclusion incompatible with the values of a social and democratic rule of law.
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Palabras clave
Discriminación racial--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Igualdad ante la ley---Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Derecho constitucional--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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