Informe jurídico sobre la sentencia A.P. N.° 7548-2016/LIMA
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La Asociación Peruana de Empresas de Seguros (APESEG) y la Asociación Peruana
de Entidades Prestadoras de Salud (APEPS) interpusieron una demanda de Acción
Popular cuestionando la constitucionalidad y legalidad del literal h) del artículo 11 del
Reglamento de la Ley N.º 29344, Ley Marco de Aseguramiento Universal en Salud, el
cual disponía como parte de las funciones de las Instituciones Administradoras de
Fondos Aseguramiento en Salud (IAFAS) asumir responsabilidad solidaria junto con las
Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios de Salud (IPRESS), frente a sus asegurados
sobre los planes de salud que oferta. En atención a ello, el Poder Judicial resolvió
declarar la citada norma en inconstitucional e ilegal, debido a que, la responsabilidad
solidaria es fijada por ley, pacto o convenio expreso, conforme lo establecido en el
artículo 1183 del Código Civil, además de ello, la responsabilidad solidaria no había sido
regulado por la Ley N.º 29344.
En virtud de ello, el presente informe pretende analizar legalidad y la constitucionalidad
de la norma en cuestión, concluyendo que, las normas del Derecho Civil no son
aplicables en el presente caso, toda vez que, versa sobre derechos sociales como el de
la salud, cuya protección debe ser garantizada de forma progresiva por el Estado, en tal
sentido, la Administración Pública podrá recurrir a la aplicación de métodos de
integración de normas sobre principios jurídicos administrativos en la creación de
normas, como es el caso del Principio de Interés General, sobre el cual recae el
fundamento de las actuaciones de la Administración Pública. De este modo, debe primar
el criterio de especialidad, sobre el criterio de jerarquía, siendo aplicable el Reglamento
de la Ley N.° 29344. Asimismo, la aplicación de la discrecionalidad administrativa en la
potestad reglamentaria puede darse siempre que se encuentre sustentada y alineada al
cumplimiento de la finalidad pública de la Ley N.º 2934.
The Peruvian Association of Insurance Companies (APESEG) and the Peruvian Association of Health Service Providers (APEPS) filed a Popular Action lawsuit challenging the constitutionality and legality of subsection (h) of Article 11 of the Regulation of Law No. 29344, the Framework Law on Universal Health Insurance. This provision established that one of the functions of the Health Insurance Fund Administrating Institutions (IAFAS) was to assume joint liability, together with the Health Service Provider Institutions (IPRESS), toward their insured parties with respect to the health plans they offer. In response, the Judiciary ruled that the aforementioned provision was unconstitutional and unlawful, on the grounds that joint liability must be established by law, express agreement, or contract, in accordance with Article 1183 of the Civil Code. Moreover, Law No. 29344 did not expressly regulate joint liability. Accordingly, this report seeks to analyze the legality and constitutionality of the contested provision, concluding that the norms of Civil Law are not applicable in this case, as it concerns social rights such as the right to health, whose protection must be progressively guaranteed by the State. In this regard, the Public Administration may resort to the integration of legal norms based on administrative legal principles in the regulatory process, such as the Principle of General Interest, which underpins the actions of public authorities. Therefore, the criterion of specialty should prevail over the criterion of hierarchy, making the Regulation of Law No. 29344 applicable. Likewise, the exercise of administrative discretion in regulatory authority is permissible, provided it is duly substantiated and aligned with the fulfillment of the public purpose established by Law No. 29344.
The Peruvian Association of Insurance Companies (APESEG) and the Peruvian Association of Health Service Providers (APEPS) filed a Popular Action lawsuit challenging the constitutionality and legality of subsection (h) of Article 11 of the Regulation of Law No. 29344, the Framework Law on Universal Health Insurance. This provision established that one of the functions of the Health Insurance Fund Administrating Institutions (IAFAS) was to assume joint liability, together with the Health Service Provider Institutions (IPRESS), toward their insured parties with respect to the health plans they offer. In response, the Judiciary ruled that the aforementioned provision was unconstitutional and unlawful, on the grounds that joint liability must be established by law, express agreement, or contract, in accordance with Article 1183 of the Civil Code. Moreover, Law No. 29344 did not expressly regulate joint liability. Accordingly, this report seeks to analyze the legality and constitutionality of the contested provision, concluding that the norms of Civil Law are not applicable in this case, as it concerns social rights such as the right to health, whose protection must be progressively guaranteed by the State. In this regard, the Public Administration may resort to the integration of legal norms based on administrative legal principles in the regulatory process, such as the Principle of General Interest, which underpins the actions of public authorities. Therefore, the criterion of specialty should prevail over the criterion of hierarchy, making the Regulation of Law No. 29344 applicable. Likewise, the exercise of administrative discretion in regulatory authority is permissible, provided it is duly substantiated and aligned with the fulfillment of the public purpose established by Law No. 29344.
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Palabras clave
Seguridad social--Perú, Salud pública--Perú, Discreción judicial, Derecho administrativo--Perú, Interés público--Perú