Informe jurídico sobre la Resolución N° 1033-2025- SUNARP-TR
Fecha
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El presente artículo tiene por finalidad analizar la Resolución N° 1033-2025-
SUNARP-TR, por la cual el Tribunal Registral señala la improcedencia de
rectificar, en sede registral, la calidad del bien inscrito como propio a social
respecto de un predio adjudicado por la Municipalidad Provincial de Arequipa a
favor de un cónyuge que declaró ser soltero. El Tribunal concluye que no resulta
aplicable el artículo 15 del Reglamento de Inscripciones del Registro de Predios,
al considerar que dicha rectificación solo podrá tener lugar mediante título
modificatorio emitido por la propia entidad formalizadora (municipalidad y/o
Cofopri), o, en su defecto, por mandato judicial expreso.
Frente a ello, la autora pretende cuestionar el criterio del Tribunal Registral, en
base al procedimiento de saneamiento físico-legal regulado por la Ley N° 23853
y el Decreto Supremo N° 053-84-VC, normativa vigente al momento de la
emisión del título, con el propósito de señalar que la Municipalidad Provincial de
Arequipa no actuó en base a una disposición expresa que le permitiera realizar
el otorgamiento de título a favor de uno de los cónyuges, a diferencia de lo
previsto en el marco de las adjudicaciones realizadas por Cofopri. En esa misma
línea, se cuestiona la aplicación por extensión del precedente de observancia
obligatoria aprobado en el L Pleno y precisado en el CXXXVI Pleno del Tribunal
Registral, referido a las adjudicaciones gratuitas efectuadas por Cofopri, al caso
en concreto, el cual, si bien persigue una finalidad similar, constituye un proceso
distinto. Asimismo, se sostiene que el Tribunal incurre en una interpretación
errónea al calificar el título como gratuito, toda vez que se efectuó un pago
correspondiente. Por ende, al haberse adquirido el predio a título oneroso
durante la vigencia del régimen de sociedad de gananciales, resulta aplicable la
presunción de ganancialidad.
Finalmente, el artículo concluye que la rectificación de la calidad del bien resulta
procedente en sede registral, sin que sea necesaria la intervención de la
Municipalidad Provincial de Arequipa mediante un título modificatorio, en tanto el
régimen normativo aplicable no establece restricciones específicas al respecto
ni se ve afectada la competencia de la entidad otorgante. En ese sentido, el
informe invita a reflexionar sobre la necesidad de una interpretación registral
coherente con el sistema normativo que regula el régimen patrimonial de la
sociedad conyugal, a fin de uniformizar el criterio de las instancias registrales
frente a situaciones de inexactitud generadas por omisiones o declaraciones
unilaterales en el procedimiento de titulación llevados a cabo por las entidades
formalizadores que no reflejan correctamente el estado civil del cónyuge.
The purpose of this article is to analyze Resolution N° 1033-2025-SUNARP-TR, by which the Registry Court states the inappropriateness of rectifying, at the registry office, the quality of the property registered as social property with respect to a property awarded by the Provincial Municipality of Arequipa in favor of a spouse who declared to be single. The Court concludes that Article 15 of the Land Registry Registration Regulations is not applicable, considering that such rectification can only take place by means of an amending title issued by the formalizing entity itself (municipality and/or Cofopri), or, failing that, by express judicial order. In view of this, the author intends to question the criteria of the Registry Court, based on the physical-legal reorganization procedure regulated by Law N° 23853 and Supreme Decree No. 053-84-VC, regulations in force at the time the title was issued, in order to point out that the Provincial Municipality of Arequipa did not act based on an express provision that allowed it to grant the title in favor of one of the spouses, as opposed to what was provided for in the framework of the adjudications made by Cofopri. In the same line, it is questioned the application by extension of the precedent of obligatory observance approved in the L Plenary and specified in the CXXXVI Plenary of the Registry Court, referred to the free adjudications made by Cofopri, to the specific case, which, although it pursues a similar purpose, constitutes a different process. Likewise, it is argued that the Court incurs in an erroneous interpretation by classifying the title as gratuitous, since a corresponding payment was made. Therefore, since the property was acquired for valuable consideration during the period of the community property regime, the presumption of community property is applicable. Finally, the article concludes that the rectification of the quality of the property is appropriate in the registry, without the need for the intervention of the Provincial Municipality of Arequipa by means of a modifying title, since the applicable regulatory system does not establish specific restrictions in this respect, nor is the competence of the granting entity affected. In this sense, the report invites to reflect on the need of a registry interpretation coherent with the normative system that regulates the patrimonial property regime of the conjugal partnership, in order to standardize the criteria of the registry instances when faced with situations of inaccuracy generated by omissions or unilateral declarations in the titling procedure carried out by the formalizing entities that do not correctly reflect the marital status of the spouse.
The purpose of this article is to analyze Resolution N° 1033-2025-SUNARP-TR, by which the Registry Court states the inappropriateness of rectifying, at the registry office, the quality of the property registered as social property with respect to a property awarded by the Provincial Municipality of Arequipa in favor of a spouse who declared to be single. The Court concludes that Article 15 of the Land Registry Registration Regulations is not applicable, considering that such rectification can only take place by means of an amending title issued by the formalizing entity itself (municipality and/or Cofopri), or, failing that, by express judicial order. In view of this, the author intends to question the criteria of the Registry Court, based on the physical-legal reorganization procedure regulated by Law N° 23853 and Supreme Decree No. 053-84-VC, regulations in force at the time the title was issued, in order to point out that the Provincial Municipality of Arequipa did not act based on an express provision that allowed it to grant the title in favor of one of the spouses, as opposed to what was provided for in the framework of the adjudications made by Cofopri. In the same line, it is questioned the application by extension of the precedent of obligatory observance approved in the L Plenary and specified in the CXXXVI Plenary of the Registry Court, referred to the free adjudications made by Cofopri, to the specific case, which, although it pursues a similar purpose, constitutes a different process. Likewise, it is argued that the Court incurs in an erroneous interpretation by classifying the title as gratuitous, since a corresponding payment was made. Therefore, since the property was acquired for valuable consideration during the period of the community property regime, the presumption of community property is applicable. Finally, the article concludes that the rectification of the quality of the property is appropriate in the registry, without the need for the intervention of the Provincial Municipality of Arequipa by means of a modifying title, since the applicable regulatory system does not establish specific restrictions in this respect, nor is the competence of the granting entity affected. In this sense, the report invites to reflect on the need of a registry interpretation coherent with the normative system that regulates the patrimonial property regime of the conjugal partnership, in order to standardize the criteria of the registry instances when faced with situations of inaccuracy generated by omissions or unilateral declarations in the titling procedure carried out by the formalizing entities that do not correctly reflect the marital status of the spouse.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Superintendencia Nacional de los Registros Públicos (Perú), Registro de la propiedad--Perú--Arequipa, Gobierno municipal--Perú--Arequipa, Propiedad conyugal--Perú--Arequipa