¿Es la intervención de la empresa estatal, en el upstream de hidrocarburos, complementaria a la iniciativa privada? Un análisis desde el principio de subsidiariedad
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
Bajo el esquema actual del mercado upstream de hidrocarburos, se hace necesario
evaluar si la actividad empresarial del Estado en el sector, no contraviene lo
dispuesto en el artículo 60 de la Constitución Política del Perú de 1993, sino que
más bien cumple un rol complementario (crowding in) respecto la inversión privada.
En dicho sentido, en la presente tesis se revisa la evolución histórica del principio
de subsidiariedad y su regulación en el marco normativo constitucional y legal;
análisis que, nos permitirá arribar a ciertas conclusiones respecto de la participación
de Petróleos del Perú – PETROPERÚ S.A. (en adelante PETROPERÚ), en el
upstream de hidrocarburos. Además, como parte del marco conceptual,
repasaremos el rol que cumplen las empresas estatales en una Economía Social de
Mercado, pero también las empresas privadas, notas que nos aproximarán a una
mejor perspectiva de la actividad empresarial del Estado, en el sector de
hidrocarburos.
En esa línea, la presente investigación, repasa la intervención de PETROPERÚ en
el mercado upstream de hidrocarburos, materializada a través de la gestión de lotes
importantes a lo largo del territorio, que incluyen la operación en conjunto con la
iniciativa privada, con la finalidad de demostrar que su gestión en el upstream, es
pertinente y beneficiosa. Asimismo, se analiza las proyecciones hacia el 2028 en el
mercado de hidrocarburos.
Finalmente, se revisará la regulación constitucional de la actividad empresarial del
Estado, a nivel de Latinoamérica, que nos permitirá retomar nuestro análisis del
principio de subsidiariedad; y postular un nuevo enfoque, con una lectura integral
del principio del pluralismo económico, tratamiento igualitario en el mercado para
empresa pública y privada y la subsidiariedad. Así, la actividad empresarial del
Estado en el upstream de hidrocarburos, estaría cumpliendo un rol complementario
(crowding in) respecto la inversión privada, a través de contratos asociativos, en los
que no asume riesgos.
De este modo, en el marco de una política contracíclica, PETROPERÚ funcionaría
como una unidad integral, con integración vertical de sus actividades, se lograría el
acceso a la renta petrolera y finalmente también se alcanzarían objetivos no
necesariamente lucrativos, como una percepción de empresa estatal diligente, que
ayudaría a reducir los riesgos de conflictos sociales y enfatizaría la vocación del
Estado, que es el garantizar el interés general y el bien común de la sociedad en su
conjunto, brindando la seguridad energética requerida.
In the current scheme of the upstream market of hydrocarbons, it is necessary to assess whether the State's business activity in the sector, does not contravene the provision of article 60 of the Political Constitution of Peru of 1993, but rather plays a complementary role with respect to private investment. In order to make it possible, this paper analyzes the historical evolution of the principle of subsidiarity and its regulation at constitutional and legal framework. This analysis will allow us to reach certain conclusions regarding the participation of Petróleos del Perú - PETROPERÚ S.A., in the upstream of hydrocarbons. Furthermore, as part of the conceptual framework, we will review the role that public enterprises play in a Social Market Economy, but also the private enterprises. These notes will give us a better understanding of the state´s business activity in the hydrocarbons sector. In that context, this paper, reviews PETROPERÚ´s involvement in the upstream hydrocarbon market, through the management of important oil basins throughout the territory, including joint operations with the private sector. This research aims to demonstrate that its upstream management is relevant. It also analyzes projections for the hydrocarbon market through 2028. Finally, the constitutional regulation of public enterprises activity in Latin America will be reviewed, allowing us to resume our analysis of the principle of subsidiarity and propose a new approach with a comprehensive understanding of the principle of economic pluralism, equal treatment in the market for public and private enterprises, and subsidiarity. Thus, public activity in the upstream hydrocarbon sector would play a complementary role (crowding in) with respect to private investment, through associative contracts in which it assumes no risks. Thus, within the framework of a countercyclical policy, PETROPERÚ would operate as an integral unit, with vertical integration of its activities. It would gain access to oil revenues and, ultimately, achieve non-profit objectives, such as a perception of a diligent state-owned enterprise, which would help reduce the risks of social conflict and emphasize the State's mission to guarantee the general interest and the common good of society as a whole by providing the required energy security.
In the current scheme of the upstream market of hydrocarbons, it is necessary to assess whether the State's business activity in the sector, does not contravene the provision of article 60 of the Political Constitution of Peru of 1993, but rather plays a complementary role with respect to private investment. In order to make it possible, this paper analyzes the historical evolution of the principle of subsidiarity and its regulation at constitutional and legal framework. This analysis will allow us to reach certain conclusions regarding the participation of Petróleos del Perú - PETROPERÚ S.A., in the upstream of hydrocarbons. Furthermore, as part of the conceptual framework, we will review the role that public enterprises play in a Social Market Economy, but also the private enterprises. These notes will give us a better understanding of the state´s business activity in the hydrocarbons sector. In that context, this paper, reviews PETROPERÚ´s involvement in the upstream hydrocarbon market, through the management of important oil basins throughout the territory, including joint operations with the private sector. This research aims to demonstrate that its upstream management is relevant. It also analyzes projections for the hydrocarbon market through 2028. Finally, the constitutional regulation of public enterprises activity in Latin America will be reviewed, allowing us to resume our analysis of the principle of subsidiarity and propose a new approach with a comprehensive understanding of the principle of economic pluralism, equal treatment in the market for public and private enterprises, and subsidiarity. Thus, public activity in the upstream hydrocarbon sector would play a complementary role (crowding in) with respect to private investment, through associative contracts in which it assumes no risks. Thus, within the framework of a countercyclical policy, PETROPERÚ would operate as an integral unit, with vertical integration of its activities. It would gain access to oil revenues and, ultimately, achieve non-profit objectives, such as a perception of a diligent state-owned enterprise, which would help reduce the risks of social conflict and emphasize the State's mission to guarantee the general interest and the common good of society as a whole by providing the required energy security.
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Petróleos del Perú, Mercados--Perú, Empresas públicas--Perú, Empresas privadas--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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