Políticas de gobierno corporativo en la gestión del agua como herramienta para prevenir conflictos sociales mineros asociados al agua: casos Cerro Verde y Quellaveco
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2020-11-05
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El recurso hídrico está ligado a todas las actividades humanas ya que es el
insumo primordial para la existencia y desarrollo de la vida. Lo mismo se aplica
para la existencia y desarrollo de las actividades productivas entre ellas la
actividad minera por lo que se requiere optimizar su uso para satisfacer las
necesidades presentes y futuras. Para lograr ello, es indispensable conocer la
regulación que rige al sector minero y gestionar las autorizaciones y permisos
necesarios para su desarrollo y el buen relacionamiento con los vecinos y la
sociedad en general.
Muchos proyectos mineros se encuentran ubicados en zonas donde los habitantes
no tienen a la minería como actividad principal por lo que el agua cobra mayor
relevancia, debido a que sus actividades están estrechamente relacionadas con el
recurso hídrico por ello es necesario que los proyectos mineros tengan
plenamente identificados los riesgos relacionados con el agua para poder
establecer estrategias para el adecuado relacionamiento con las comunidades.
Esta investigación busca analizar las buenas prácticas respecto a la gestión del
agua en actividades mineras e identificar cómo una gestión del agua basada en un
gobierno corporativo responsable puede contrarrestar los conflictos sociales
asociados al agua en el sector minero.
Las principales conclusiones de este trabajo son que el establecimiento de un
gobierno corporativo responsable basado en el enfoque de desarrollo sostenible
apoya al establecimiento de iniciativas con responsabilidad social, ambiental y
económica. En el sector minero, dichas iniciativas deben orientarse a la gestión
del agua bajo un enfoque responsable y sostenible que contribuya al incremento
de la seguridad hídrica y con ello poder minimizar los conflictos relacionados con
el agua. Así como, la búsqueda de alianzas público – privadas podrían hacer
frente a la demanda de abastecimiento en cantidad y calidad de agua para la
sociedad civil.
The water resource is relevant to all human activities because it´s the main input for the source and development of life. Also applies to the productive activities, including mining, so it´s needed to optimize its use to satisfy the requirement of the present and the future. Therefore, it´s essential to know the laws associates with mining projects to manage the license required for the good relationship with neighbors and high andean communities. Many mining projects are located in areas where the people don´t have mining as their main activity, making water very important for their activities. So it´s necessary for mining projects to have fully identified all the risks related to water and be able set as suitable strategies to get a good relationship with high andean communities. This research work searches to analyze good practices about water management in mining and identify how water management based on responsible corporate governance can be the key which solving the social issues associated with water in the mining sector. The main conclusions are that the establishment of responsible corporate governance in focus the sustainable development encourages decisions with social, environmental and economics responsibility. In the mining sector, those decisions should be directed towards water management under a responsible and sustainable focusing. This focusing contributes to the increase of water security and could attend the social issues. Likewise, the searching alliances between the mining company and the State could solve the supply demand for quantity and quality of water for civil society.
The water resource is relevant to all human activities because it´s the main input for the source and development of life. Also applies to the productive activities, including mining, so it´s needed to optimize its use to satisfy the requirement of the present and the future. Therefore, it´s essential to know the laws associates with mining projects to manage the license required for the good relationship with neighbors and high andean communities. Many mining projects are located in areas where the people don´t have mining as their main activity, making water very important for their activities. So it´s necessary for mining projects to have fully identified all the risks related to water and be able set as suitable strategies to get a good relationship with high andean communities. This research work searches to analyze good practices about water management in mining and identify how water management based on responsible corporate governance can be the key which solving the social issues associated with water in the mining sector. The main conclusions are that the establishment of responsible corporate governance in focus the sustainable development encourages decisions with social, environmental and economics responsibility. In the mining sector, those decisions should be directed towards water management under a responsible and sustainable focusing. This focusing contributes to the increase of water security and could attend the social issues. Likewise, the searching alliances between the mining company and the State could solve the supply demand for quantity and quality of water for civil society.
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Keywords
Abastecimiento de agua--Administración--Perú, Gobierno corporativo--Perú, Industria minera--Aspectos ambientales--Perú, Conflicto social--Perú
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