Características en la producción del habla en niños de 6 a 12 años de dos instituciones educativas del Nivel Primaria de Arequipa y Lima
No Thumbnail Available
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo, cuyo objetivo principal es identificar las características en la producción del habla en niños de 6 a 12 años de dos instituciones educativas del Nivel Primaria de Arequipa y Lima. El instrumento utilizado fue una Ficha de Recolección de Datos para la Evaluación del Habla, extraída del Examen Miofuncional Orofacial- MBGR (2014). Se trabajó con una muestra de 215 niños de ambas instituciones educativas. Los resultados evidencian que un 94,5% de niños en la ciudad de Arequipa y un 28,2% de niños de la ciudad de Lima, presentan alteraciones en las estructuras articulatorias, observándose mayor incidencia de maloclusiones (45,6%). Se encontró que un 69,8% de los niños evaluados, presentan el habla alterada, siendo el porcentaje de casos similares en ambas ciudades (Arequipa= 68,3%; Lima= 70,4%). La incidencia de alteraciones del habla es mayor en niños de 6 y 7 años, mientras que los tipos de alteración con mayor incidencia son las distorsiones y las sustituciones de sonidos. Se encontró que un 42,4% de niños presentan abertura reducida de la boca durante el habla, un 36,9% proyecta la lengua y un 38,3% presenta saliva en las comisuras y en el labio inferior. Respecto al repertorio fonético, se encontró mayor incidencia de dificultades en la producción de los fonos /r/ rótica percusiva, /r/ rótica vibrante, grupos consonánticos laterales /l/ y grupos consonánticos centrales /r/.
The present research is of quantitative approach, type of descriptive design, whose main objective is to identify the characteristics in the production of speech in children from 6 to 12 years of two educational institutions of the Nivel Primaria of Arequipa and Lima. The instrument used was a Data Collection Sheet for Speech Assessment, extracted from the Orofacial Myofunctional Examination - MBGR (2014). We worked with a sample of 215 children from both educational institutions. The results show that 94.5% of children in the city of Arequipa and 28.2% of children in the city of Lima, present alterations in the articulatory structures, observing a higher incidence of malocclusions (45.6%). Itfound that 69.8% of the children evaluated presented altered speech, with a similar percentage of cases in both cities (Arequipa= 68.3%; Lima= 70.4%). The incidence of speech disturbances is higher in children aged 6 and 7 years, while the types of alteration with the highest incidence are distortions and sound substitutions. It was found that 42.4% of children have reduced mouth opening during speech, 36.9% project the tongue and 38.3% have saliva at the corners and lower lip. Regarding the phonetic repertoire, a higher incidence of difficulties was found in the production of the phones /r/ percussive rhotic, /r/ vibrating rhotic, lateral consonant clusters /l/ and central consonant clusters /r/.
The present research is of quantitative approach, type of descriptive design, whose main objective is to identify the characteristics in the production of speech in children from 6 to 12 years of two educational institutions of the Nivel Primaria of Arequipa and Lima. The instrument used was a Data Collection Sheet for Speech Assessment, extracted from the Orofacial Myofunctional Examination - MBGR (2014). We worked with a sample of 215 children from both educational institutions. The results show that 94.5% of children in the city of Arequipa and 28.2% of children in the city of Lima, present alterations in the articulatory structures, observing a higher incidence of malocclusions (45.6%). Itfound that 69.8% of the children evaluated presented altered speech, with a similar percentage of cases in both cities (Arequipa= 68.3%; Lima= 70.4%). The incidence of speech disturbances is higher in children aged 6 and 7 years, while the types of alteration with the highest incidence are distortions and sound substitutions. It was found that 42.4% of children have reduced mouth opening during speech, 36.9% project the tongue and 38.3% have saliva at the corners and lower lip. Regarding the phonetic repertoire, a higher incidence of difficulties was found in the production of the phones /r/ percussive rhotic, /r/ vibrating rhotic, lateral consonant clusters /l/ and central consonant clusters /r/.
Description
Keywords
Niños--Lenguaje, Trastornos del habla en niños, Fonología, Educación primaria--Perú--Investigaciones
Citation
Endorsement
Review
Supplemented By
Referenced By
Creative Commons license
Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess