Informe jurídico sobre el Caso Manuela vs. El Salvador ante la Corte IDH : La responsabilidad internacional del estado de El Salvador por la vulneración a una serie de derechos humanos en perjuicio de Manuela en un marco de criminalización de emergencias obstétricas y discriminación estructural
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Este trabajo aborda el caso de Manuela, una gestante en condiciones de vulnerabilidad quien
-en medio de una emergencia obstétrica- recurrió al sistema nacional de salud para ser
atendida; sin embargo, fue acusada por un aborto (que nunca sucedió) y condenada
indebidamente a 30 años de prisión por la muerte de su hijo al momento del parto.
El análisis jurídico de este caso visto ante la Corte IDH revela que El Salvador impuso sobre
la víctima una serie de estereotipos y violencia de género de manera sistemática a través de
distintas esferas estatales (servicios de salud, justicia, penitenciario) vulnerando diversos
derechos humanos de la víctima y su familia, desde el momento de la emergencia obstétrica
hasta la consecuente muerte de Manuela bajo custodia estatal. Si bien se trata de una
investigación jurídica, es de especial relevancia para el análisis del fondo, que los hechos se
desarrollaran en medio de una legislación absolutamente prohibitiva del aborto, aunado a una
estructura de desigualdad y discriminación que incidió de manera más gravosa en la forma
en que se violaron los derechos de la víctima, conforme con los tratados de Derechos
Humanos ratificados por El Salvador, específicamente la Convención Americana y la
Convención Belem do Pará.
This work addresses the case of Manuela, a pregnant woman in vulnerable conditions who - during an obstetric emergency - turned to the national health system to be treated; however, she was accused of an abortion (which never happened) and wrongly sentenced to 30 years in prison for the death of her son at the time of childbirth. The legal analysis of this case heard before the Inter-American Court reveals that El Salvador systematically imposed a series of stereotypes and gender violence on the victim through different state spheres (health services, justice, penitentiary) violating various human rights. The victim and her family, from the moment of the obstetric emergency until Manuela's subsequent death, were under state custody. Although this is a legal investigation, it is of special relevance for the analysis of the merits that the events took place amid legislation that was prohibitive of abortion at all, coupled with a structure of inequality and discrimination that had a more serious impact on the how the victim's rights were violated, under the Human Rights treaties ratified by El Salvador, specifically the American Convention and the Belem do Pará Convention.
This work addresses the case of Manuela, a pregnant woman in vulnerable conditions who - during an obstetric emergency - turned to the national health system to be treated; however, she was accused of an abortion (which never happened) and wrongly sentenced to 30 years in prison for the death of her son at the time of childbirth. The legal analysis of this case heard before the Inter-American Court reveals that El Salvador systematically imposed a series of stereotypes and gender violence on the victim through different state spheres (health services, justice, penitentiary) violating various human rights. The victim and her family, from the moment of the obstetric emergency until Manuela's subsequent death, were under state custody. Although this is a legal investigation, it is of special relevance for the analysis of the merits that the events took place amid legislation that was prohibitive of abortion at all, coupled with a structure of inequality and discrimination that had a more serious impact on the how the victim's rights were violated, under the Human Rights treaties ratified by El Salvador, specifically the American Convention and the Belem do Pará Convention.
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Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Derecho a la salud--El Salvador, Garantías (Derecho)--El Salvador, Estereotipo (Psicología social)--El Salvador, Discriminación sexual contra las mujeres--El Salvador, Aborto--Legislación--El Salvador
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