Propuesta de mejora del diseño de políticas monetarias: un nuevo enfoque frecuentista en la identificación de ecuaciones macroeconómicas estructurales para Estados Unidos, 1970-2007
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La identificación de ecuaciones macroeconómicas que consideran las expectativas
es un pilar de la investigación económica desde una perspectiva teórica como
aplicada. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, la teoría econométrica dominante no
puede manejar adecuadamente la presencia de endogeneidad cuando se hace uso
de instrumentos que son débiles. Afortunadamente, en la actualidad la se han
desarrollado estimaciones distintas que, a diferencia de las convencionales,
superan el obstáculo de la endogeneidad cuando se cuenta con instrumentos
débiles. Esta investigación presenta una moderna estimación alternativa propuesta
por Barnichon & Mesters (2020) la cual se ajusta a los hechos estilizados asociados
a la teoría de las ecuaciones macroeconómicas a estudiar y que se distingue de
estimaciones convencionales al afrontar adecuadamente la presencia de
endogeneidad cuando se hace uso de instrumentos débiles. Este trabajo tiene una
importante contribución al presentar la estimación de Barnichon & Mesters (2020)
en la identificación de la ecuación de Euler y la regla de política monetaria. Además,
se detectó que los parámetros calculados mediante la estimación propuesta se
diferencian de los obtenidos con metodologías convencionales. La contribución
más importante de esta investigación es la propuesta de un método que mide la
pérdida de eficiencia de una política monetaria que usa ecuaciones mal
identificadas desde un punto de vista estadístico. Este trabajo concluye que la
metodología propuesta puede determinar la reducción de eficiencia (en el sentido
temporal) de una política diseñada considerando estimaciones no robustas a
problemas econométricos. Finalmente, se concluye que la metodología puede
aplicarse satisfactoriamente al estudio de la formulación de políticas monetarias en
la región pues considera, en su formulación, la importancia que le otorga un banco
central a la inflación y al producto
The identification of macro-equations that account for future expectations has been a fundamental pillar in economic research, both from a theoretical and applied perspective. However, at present, the dominant econometric theory cannot adequately handle the presence of endogeneity when weak instruments are used. Fortunately, economic research has recently developed alternative estimations that, unlike conventional ones, successfully address the issue of endogeneity in the presence of weak instruments. This paper makes a significant contribution by presenting the Barnichon & Mesters (2020) estimation in identifying the monetary policy rule equation and the Euler equation. This research presents a modern alternative estimation proposed by Barnichon & Mesters (2020), which aligns with the stylized facts associated with the macroeconomic equations under study and stands out from conventional estimations by adequately addressing the presence of endogeneity when weak instruments are used. This paper makes a significant contribution by presenting the Barnichon & Mesters (2020) estimation in identifying the monetary policy rule equation and the Euler equation. Similarly, it was found that the coefficients estimated using the proposed methodology differ from those obtained through conventional methods. The most important contribution of this investigation is the development of a method that measures the efficiency loss of a monetary policy that uses poorly identified equations from a statistical point of view. It is concluded that the proposed methodology can determine the efficiency loss (in the time-domain) of a policy designed considering estimates that are not robust to econometric problems or other types of errors. Finally, it is concluded that the methof can be satisfactorily applied to the study of monetary policy formulation in the region because it considers, in its formulation, the importance given by a central bank to inflation and output.
The identification of macro-equations that account for future expectations has been a fundamental pillar in economic research, both from a theoretical and applied perspective. However, at present, the dominant econometric theory cannot adequately handle the presence of endogeneity when weak instruments are used. Fortunately, economic research has recently developed alternative estimations that, unlike conventional ones, successfully address the issue of endogeneity in the presence of weak instruments. This paper makes a significant contribution by presenting the Barnichon & Mesters (2020) estimation in identifying the monetary policy rule equation and the Euler equation. This research presents a modern alternative estimation proposed by Barnichon & Mesters (2020), which aligns with the stylized facts associated with the macroeconomic equations under study and stands out from conventional estimations by adequately addressing the presence of endogeneity when weak instruments are used. This paper makes a significant contribution by presenting the Barnichon & Mesters (2020) estimation in identifying the monetary policy rule equation and the Euler equation. Similarly, it was found that the coefficients estimated using the proposed methodology differ from those obtained through conventional methods. The most important contribution of this investigation is the development of a method that measures the efficiency loss of a monetary policy that uses poorly identified equations from a statistical point of view. It is concluded that the proposed methodology can determine the efficiency loss (in the time-domain) of a policy designed considering estimates that are not robust to econometric problems or other types of errors. Finally, it is concluded that the methof can be satisfactorily applied to the study of monetary policy formulation in the region because it considers, in its formulation, the importance given by a central bank to inflation and output.
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Política monetaria--Perú, Macroeconomía--Modelos matemáticos, Econometría--Investigaciones, Macroeconomía--Estados Unidos
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
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