Barreras para el crecimiento y desarrollo del sector manufactura en los rubros de alimentos y bebidas en la región del Cusco
Date
2019-08-22
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Abstract
En la presente investigación se identifican las principales barreras que limitan el
desarrollo y crecimiento de las empresas manufactureras en los rubros de alimentos y bebidas
en la región del Cusco. Para ello se realizó una investigación cualitativa tomando las
perspectivas y opiniones de empresarios inmersos en los rubros mencionados dentro de la
región del Cusco. Se han analizado aspectos internos de las diversas empresas como el uso de
tecnología para la elaboración de los productos, la participación de las asociaciones
industriales como promotoras de esta industria, los tratados de libre comercio y las
perspectivas de crecimiento de las empresas que formaron parte de la muestra analizada. La
investigación estuvo basada en entrevistas realizadas a 14 empresarios dentro de la región del
Cusco.
Los resultados muestran que los empresarios entrevistados coinciden en la mayoría de
barreras planteadas en los antecedentes y la revisión de literatura para el desarrollo y
crecimiento del sector manufacturero en la región del Cusco. En este sentido las principales
barreras consideradas por los empresarios son la falta de políticas de apoyo efectivo al sector,
el insuficiente mercado, la inadecuada infraestructura productiva, la falta de insumos para la
elaboración de sus productos, el déficit de mano de obra, la falta de apoyo eficiente de las
asociaciones industriales y los excesivos impuestos que gravan sus productos. Para realizar el
diagnóstico se utilizó la metodología basada en el ¨árbol de decisiones¨ propuesta por
Hausmann, Rodrik y Velasco (2006) llegando a la conclusión de que la actividad económica
del sector manufacturero de alimentos y bebidas en la región del Cusco está limitado por un
rendimiento privado bajo y esto a su vez se debe a un bajo retorno social y a un bajo nivel de
apropiabilidad privada lo que crea que las empresas tengan bajos niveles de satisfacción
respecto a sus rentabilidad.
This investigation identifies the principal barriers that can limit the development and growth of manufacturing companies at the food and drink areas in the region of Cusco. In order to do that, a qualitative investigation was made to take perspectives and opinions of businesspeople immersed at the mentioned areas in the region of Cusco. Diverse companies intern aspects have been analyzed, such as the use of technology for the elaboration of products, participation at industry associations as promoters of this industry, free trade agreements , and growth perspectives of companies that took part at the analyzed sample. The investigation was based on interviews done to 14 businesspeople in the region of Cusco. Results show that the interviewed businesspeople agree at most of the barriers that were set out in the background and the review of literature for growth and development at the manufacturing sector in the region of Cusco. In that sense, the business people considered that the main barriers are the lack of politics that could effectively support the sector, insufficient market, inadequate productive infrastructure, the lack of supplies for the products elaboration, the lack of workers, the lack of efficient support by the industry associations, and the excessive tax for their products. In order to do the diagnosis, the methodology based on the “tree of decisions”, proposed by Hausmann, Rodrick y Velasco (2006), was used, reaching to the conclusion that economic activity at the manufacturing sector of food and drinks in the region of Cusco is limited by a low private productivity, and at the same time, this is caused by a low social return, and to a low private appropiability level, which generates that companies have low satisfaction levels in regards to their profitability.
This investigation identifies the principal barriers that can limit the development and growth of manufacturing companies at the food and drink areas in the region of Cusco. In order to do that, a qualitative investigation was made to take perspectives and opinions of businesspeople immersed at the mentioned areas in the region of Cusco. Diverse companies intern aspects have been analyzed, such as the use of technology for the elaboration of products, participation at industry associations as promoters of this industry, free trade agreements , and growth perspectives of companies that took part at the analyzed sample. The investigation was based on interviews done to 14 businesspeople in the region of Cusco. Results show that the interviewed businesspeople agree at most of the barriers that were set out in the background and the review of literature for growth and development at the manufacturing sector in the region of Cusco. In that sense, the business people considered that the main barriers are the lack of politics that could effectively support the sector, insufficient market, inadequate productive infrastructure, the lack of supplies for the products elaboration, the lack of workers, the lack of efficient support by the industry associations, and the excessive tax for their products. In order to do the diagnosis, the methodology based on the “tree of decisions”, proposed by Hausmann, Rodrick y Velasco (2006), was used, reaching to the conclusion that economic activity at the manufacturing sector of food and drinks in the region of Cusco is limited by a low private productivity, and at the same time, this is caused by a low social return, and to a low private appropiability level, which generates that companies have low satisfaction levels in regards to their profitability.
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Keywords
Manufacturas--Perú--Cuzco
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