Informe Jurídico: Caso Empleados de la fábrica de fuegos en Santo Antonio de Jesús y sus familiares vs. Brasil
Date
2023-08-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente informe jurídico busca cuestionar el análisis de la Corte
Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en la sentencia del caso Empleados de
la fábrica de fuegos en Santo Antonio de Jesús vs. Brasil, publicada el 15 de
julio de 2020.
El principal argumento es que la Corte realiza un análisis limitado porque no
adopta un enfoque laboral para determinar la vulneración de los derechos, a
pesar de que el hecho generador sea un accidente de trabajo; sumado a que,
tampoco se desarrolla a profundidad la responsabilidad en la protección y
respeto de los derechos humanos por parte de las empresas.
En ese sentido, se cuestiona la falta de aplicación de los Principios Rectores
sobre las Empresas y los Derechos Humanos (PREDH) como criterio de
análisis; la falta de pronunciamiento sobre otros derechos que también
resultaron afectados como consecuencia de la vulneración al derecho a
condiciones equitativas y satisfactorias en la seguridad, salud e higiene en el
trabajo, como son los derechos a la salud y a la seguridad social; y el análisis
de la dimensión judicial de este último.
A manera de conclusión, se señala que si bien el Estado es responsable por
las violaciones de los derechos imputados, el análisis es limitado por las
razones anteriores y repercute en las medidas de reparación que ordena la
Corte. Sobre estas, se sugiere que deben estar orientadas a la protección del
derecho a la seguridad y salud en el trabajo en un marco general y en los
trabajos de alto riesgo.
This legal brief seeks to question the analysis of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in the judgment of Employees of the Santo Antonio de Jesus fireworks factory vs. Brazil, published on July 15, 2020. The main arguments are that the Court's argumentation is limited because it does not adopt a labor approach, even though the triggering event is an accident at work. In addition, the violation of the right to equitable and satisfactory conditions of safety, health and hygiene at work is focused on the lack of State control, without considering that companies are also responsible for the protection and respect of human rights. In this sense, the lack of application of the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights as a criterion of analysis is questioned since it prevents an enriching pronouncement on the matter; as well as the fact that the affectation of other rights as a result of the violation of the right to equitable and satisfactory conditions in safety, health and hygiene at work, such as the right to health and social security, has been ignored, or that the judicial dimension of the right has not been considered as a relevant point of analysis to determine the responsibility of the State. By way of conclusion, it is noted that although the State is responsible for the violations of the rights imputed, the analysis is limited for the above reasons and has repercussions on the reparation measures ordered by the Court. Regarding these, it is suggested that they should be oriented to the protection of the right to safety and health at work in a general framework and in high-risk jobs.
This legal brief seeks to question the analysis of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in the judgment of Employees of the Santo Antonio de Jesus fireworks factory vs. Brazil, published on July 15, 2020. The main arguments are that the Court's argumentation is limited because it does not adopt a labor approach, even though the triggering event is an accident at work. In addition, the violation of the right to equitable and satisfactory conditions of safety, health and hygiene at work is focused on the lack of State control, without considering that companies are also responsible for the protection and respect of human rights. In this sense, the lack of application of the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights as a criterion of analysis is questioned since it prevents an enriching pronouncement on the matter; as well as the fact that the affectation of other rights as a result of the violation of the right to equitable and satisfactory conditions in safety, health and hygiene at work, such as the right to health and social security, has been ignored, or that the judicial dimension of the right has not been considered as a relevant point of analysis to determine the responsibility of the State. By way of conclusion, it is noted that although the State is responsible for the violations of the rights imputed, the analysis is limited for the above reasons and has repercussions on the reparation measures ordered by the Court. Regarding these, it is suggested that they should be oriented to the protection of the right to safety and health at work in a general framework and in high-risk jobs.
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Tribunales internacionales--Jurisprudencia, Derechos humanos--Legislación--Perú, Trabajadores--Derechos, Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos--Jurisprudencia
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