Autopercepción vocal y hábitos vocales de los docentes de las licenciaturas de la facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de Cuenca
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar la autopercepción vocal y los
hábitos vocales de los docentes de las licenciaturas de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas
de la Universidad de Cuenca. En el estudio participaron 63 docentes universitarios, a
quienes se les aplicó el Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) y el Screening Index for Voice
Disorders (SIVD). La investigación es de tipo básico con un diseño no experimental
transversal. Los resultados muestran que la autopercepción vocal en la dimensión
funcional predominó en un 86% con un grado leve. En cuanto a los años de experiencia,
el mayor porcentaje se ubicó en el rango de 11 a 20 años, con un patrón similar en el
número de horas de docencia semanales. En relación con los hábitos vocales, se
identificó que la mayoría de los docentes gritan y hablan en exceso, y algunos reportaron
la restricción en el consumo de ciertos alimentos y bebidas alcohólicas. Un dato positivo
es que 89% de los docentes tiene el hábito de beber agua regularmente. Entre los
síntomas más frecuentes se encontraron fallas en la voz, ronquera, voz gruesa,
carraspera, tos con secreción y dolor al hablar, lo que refleja una sobrecarga vocal que,
sin manejo adecuado, podría evolucionar hacia problemas severos. Estos resultados
evidencian la necesidad de implementar programas de salud vocal liderados por las
autoridades universitarias, enfocados en la prevención, educación y seguimiento
continuo, para proteger la salud vocal de los docentes universitarios y mejorar su
desempeño profesional.
This research aims to identify the vocal self-perception and vocal habits of university professors from the Faculty of Medical Sciences at the University of Cuenca. A total of 63 university teachers participated in the study, and the Voice Handicap Index- 10 (VHI-10) along with the Screening Index for Voice Disorders (SIVD) were applied as instruments. The study follows a basic research type with a non-experimental crosssectional design. Results indicate that vocal self-perception in the functional dimension was predominant, with 86% reporting a mild level. Regarding years of teaching experience, the largest proportion was in the 11 to 20 years range, and a similar trend was observed in the number of teaching hours per week. Concerning vocal habits, most teachers reported shouting and speaking excessively, with some also restricting the consumption of specific foods and alcoholic beverages. A positive finding is that 89% of the teachers reported drinking water regularly. The most frequent symptoms included voice failures, hoarseness, deep voice, throat clearing, cough with mucus, and pain while speaking, reflecting a vocal overload that could lead to severe problems if not properly managed. These findings highlight the need to implement vocal health programs led by university authorities, focusing on prevention, education, and continuous monitoring to protect the vocal health of university teachers and enhance their professional performance.
This research aims to identify the vocal self-perception and vocal habits of university professors from the Faculty of Medical Sciences at the University of Cuenca. A total of 63 university teachers participated in the study, and the Voice Handicap Index- 10 (VHI-10) along with the Screening Index for Voice Disorders (SIVD) were applied as instruments. The study follows a basic research type with a non-experimental crosssectional design. Results indicate that vocal self-perception in the functional dimension was predominant, with 86% reporting a mild level. Regarding years of teaching experience, the largest proportion was in the 11 to 20 years range, and a similar trend was observed in the number of teaching hours per week. Concerning vocal habits, most teachers reported shouting and speaking excessively, with some also restricting the consumption of specific foods and alcoholic beverages. A positive finding is that 89% of the teachers reported drinking water regularly. The most frequent symptoms included voice failures, hoarseness, deep voice, throat clearing, cough with mucus, and pain while speaking, reflecting a vocal overload that could lead to severe problems if not properly managed. These findings highlight the need to implement vocal health programs led by university authorities, focusing on prevention, education, and continuous monitoring to protect the vocal health of university teachers and enhance their professional performance.
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Autopercepción, Personal docente--Hábitos y conducta--Ecuador--Cuenca, Voz--Cuidado e higiene, Trastornos de la voz
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