Sesgos cognitivos en la toma de decisiones empresariales
Date
2023-10-02
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente trabajo tiene por finalidad determinar la relación que existe entre el sesgo de
representatividad y la toma de decisiones empresariales. Los sesgos que intervienen en la
toma de decisiones tienen directa influencia sobre el juicio, los cuales pueden describirse a
través de tres heurísticas como son la representatividad, la disponibilidad, el ajuste y anclaje.
La representatividad se puede expresar en términos de probabilidad y esto quiere decir que se
suele buscar similitudes entre eventos, características que los relacionen, estereotipos,
frecuencia de ocurrencia; los cuales contribuyen a emitir juicios sin tener en cuenta las
probabilidades reales o tomar decisiones sin la debida información y evidencias claras. Es un
trabajo de enfoque cuantitativo, nivel correlacional, de tipo básica y diseño no experimental.
Para saber acerca de las variables toma de decisiones y representatividad se aplicaron dos
cuestionarios a 137 gerentes. Se confirmó la hipótesis, existe relación significativa entre el
sesgo de representatividad y la toma de decisiones empresariales (Rho=0.611).
The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between the representativeness bias and business decision-making. The biases that intervene in decision making have a direct influence on the judgment, which can be described through three heuristics such as representativeness, availability, adjustment and anchoring. The representativeness can be expressed in terms of probability and this means that similarities are usually sought between events, characteristics that relate them, stereotypes, frequency of occurrence; which contribute to making judgments without taking into account the real probabilities or making decisions without proper information and clear evidence. It is a work with a quantitative approach, correlational level, basic type and non-experimental design. To find out about the decision-making and representativeness variables, two questionnaires were applied to 137 managers. The hypothesis was confirmed, there is a significant relationship between the representativeness bias and business decision-making (Rho=0.611).
The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between the representativeness bias and business decision-making. The biases that intervene in decision making have a direct influence on the judgment, which can be described through three heuristics such as representativeness, availability, adjustment and anchoring. The representativeness can be expressed in terms of probability and this means that similarities are usually sought between events, characteristics that relate them, stereotypes, frequency of occurrence; which contribute to making judgments without taking into account the real probabilities or making decisions without proper information and clear evidence. It is a work with a quantitative approach, correlational level, basic type and non-experimental design. To find out about the decision-making and representativeness variables, two questionnaires were applied to 137 managers. The hypothesis was confirmed, there is a significant relationship between the representativeness bias and business decision-making (Rho=0.611).
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Empresas--Perú, Toma de decisiones
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