Representaciones de apego y seguridad del apego en niños preescolares
Date
2021-11-23
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Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación busca relacionar las variables de seguridad del apego y
representaciones de apego en niños peruanos de 3 a 5 años de nivel socioeconómico (NSE)
bajo en tres momentos de su desarrollo (inicial, 6 meses después y 13 meses después de la
primera evaluación). La seguridad del apego se midió a través del Attachment Q-Set 3.0
(Waters, 1995) en la casa y en un parque. Las representaciones de apego se midieron a través
del Attachment Story Completion Task (Bretherton et al., 1990). Los resultados muestran que
existe una asociación positiva y significativa entre la seguridad del apego evaluada en casa y
las representaciones de apego evaluadas 13 meses después; se observó también una relación
positiva con las historias de rodilla lastimada y monstruo en el cuarto. Como objetivo
específico, se buscó describir la relación de las variables sociodemográficas con ambos
constructos. Estas variables fueron: la edad al inicio del estudio, 6 meses después y 13 meses
después, la edad al iniciar su escolaridad, la edad de ambos padres al inicio del estudio, los
años de estudio de ambos padres, el apoyo en la crianza, el NSE y las situaciones estresantes
al inicio del estudio y 6 meses después. Se encontró una asociación negativa entre la edad de
la madre al inicio de la evaluación y los puntajes de seguridad del apego evaluada en casa,
así como una relación positiva entre los puntajes de seguridad del apego evaluada en el
parque y el apoyo que la madre siente que tiene en la crianza.
This research intends to relate the safety of attachment and attachment representations variables in Peruvian children between 3 and 5 years of age from a low socioeconomic status (NSE, in Spanish) at three moments in their development (initial, 6 months later, and 13 months after the first assessment). The safety of attachment was measured through the Attachment Q-Set 3.0 (Waters, 1995) at home and in a park. The attachment representations were measured through the Attachment Story Completion Task (Bretherton et al., 1990). The results show that there is a positive and significant association between the at-home attachment safety construct and the attachment representations that were assessed 13 months later. As the specific objective, the research intended to describe the relationship of sociodemographic variables with both constructs. These variables were: child’s age at the beginning of the study, 6 months later and after 13 months, child’s age at the beginning of their schooling, both parents’ age at the beginning of the study, both parents’ years of education, support in parenting, NSE, and stressing situations at the beginning of the study and 6 months later. Likewise, it was found a negative association between the mother’s age at the beginning of the assessment and the at-home attachment safety scores, as well as a positive relationship between in-the-park attachment safety scores and the support the mother feels she receives in parenting.
This research intends to relate the safety of attachment and attachment representations variables in Peruvian children between 3 and 5 years of age from a low socioeconomic status (NSE, in Spanish) at three moments in their development (initial, 6 months later, and 13 months after the first assessment). The safety of attachment was measured through the Attachment Q-Set 3.0 (Waters, 1995) at home and in a park. The attachment representations were measured through the Attachment Story Completion Task (Bretherton et al., 1990). The results show that there is a positive and significant association between the at-home attachment safety construct and the attachment representations that were assessed 13 months later. As the specific objective, the research intended to describe the relationship of sociodemographic variables with both constructs. These variables were: child’s age at the beginning of the study, 6 months later and after 13 months, child’s age at the beginning of their schooling, both parents’ age at the beginning of the study, both parents’ years of education, support in parenting, NSE, and stressing situations at the beginning of the study and 6 months later. Likewise, it was found a negative association between the mother’s age at the beginning of the assessment and the at-home attachment safety scores, as well as a positive relationship between in-the-park attachment safety scores and the support the mother feels she receives in parenting.
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Keywords
Psicología infantil, Educación de niños--Aspectos psicológicos, Apego
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