Las causas de la deserción de los aspirantes al sacerdocio en el proceso formativo del Seminario de Lima en los periodos 2017-2023
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación analiza las causas de la deserción vocacional en el Seminario de
Lima entre 2017 y 2023, un evento sumamente complejo dentro de un contexto marcado
por la secularización, el cambio cultural, la pandemia del covid-19 y el cambio de autoridad
en la arquidiócesis limeña. Desde una lectura de la sociología de la religión, se estudian tres
dimensiones clave: la influencia de la familia, el peso de la institución eclesiástica y las
narrativas sobre la vocación sacerdotal construidas por los actores. Utilizando un método
cualitativo y un enfoque biográfico, se recogen los relatos de vida de seminaristas que
abandonaron este proceso, así como de aquellos que lograron culminar su formación y de
otros actores relevantes, para analizar las causas de la deserción y las maneras de interacción
de las estructuras sociales y las experiencias personales durante este fenómeno. Los
resultados revelan que la polarización institucional, el respaldo familiar y la construcción
individual de la idea de vocación son factores determinantes en la continuidad o abandono
de la formación. Es importante señalar, además, el impacto de los cambios en el gobierno
eclesiástico y los discursos performativos de la identidad sacerdotal en los periodos
referidos al cardenal Cipriani y a monseñor Castillo. La investigación aporta una tipología
de trayectorias vocacionales basada en las condiciones materiales, vínculos familiares y
experiencias previas de los seminaristas. Este trabajo no solo ofrece una comprensión
profunda del fenómeno de la deserción en contextos religiosos, sino que también invita a
reflexionar sobre los desafíos contemporáneos de la Iglesia Católica en América Latina. Su
enfoque interdisciplinario contribuye tanto al campo de la sociología como a las estrategias
formativas y pastorales de la institución.
The present research analyzes the causes of vocational desertion in the Lima Seminary between 2017 and 2023, an extremely complex event within a context marked by secularization, cultural change, the covid-19 pandemic and the change of authority in the Lima archdiocese. From a reading of the sociology of religion, three key dimensions are studied: the influence of the family, the weight of the ecclesiastical institution and the narratives about the priestly vocation constructed by the actors. Using a qualitative method and a biographical approach, the life stories of seminarians who abandoned this process, as well as those who managed to complete their formation and other relevant actors, are collected to analyze the causes of desertion and the ways in which social structures and personal experiences interact during this phenomenon. The results reveal that institutional polarization, family support and the individual construction of the idea of vocation are determining factors in the continuity or abandonment of education. It is also important to point out the impact of the changes in ecclesiastical government and the performative discourses of priestly identity in the periods referred to Cardinal Cipriani and Monsignor Castillo. The research provides a typology of vocational trajectories based on the material conditions, family ties and previous experiences of the seminarians. This work not only offers a profound understanding of the phenomenon of desertion in religious contexts but also invites reflection on the contemporary challenges facing the Catholic Church in Latin America. Its interdisciplinary approach contributes both to the field of sociology and to the formative and pastoral strategies of the institution.
The present research analyzes the causes of vocational desertion in the Lima Seminary between 2017 and 2023, an extremely complex event within a context marked by secularization, cultural change, the covid-19 pandemic and the change of authority in the Lima archdiocese. From a reading of the sociology of religion, three key dimensions are studied: the influence of the family, the weight of the ecclesiastical institution and the narratives about the priestly vocation constructed by the actors. Using a qualitative method and a biographical approach, the life stories of seminarians who abandoned this process, as well as those who managed to complete their formation and other relevant actors, are collected to analyze the causes of desertion and the ways in which social structures and personal experiences interact during this phenomenon. The results reveal that institutional polarization, family support and the individual construction of the idea of vocation are determining factors in the continuity or abandonment of education. It is also important to point out the impact of the changes in ecclesiastical government and the performative discourses of priestly identity in the periods referred to Cardinal Cipriani and Monsignor Castillo. The research provides a typology of vocational trajectories based on the material conditions, family ties and previous experiences of the seminarians. This work not only offers a profound understanding of the phenomenon of desertion in religious contexts but also invites reflection on the contemporary challenges facing the Catholic Church in Latin America. Its interdisciplinary approach contributes both to the field of sociology and to the formative and pastoral strategies of the institution.
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Seminario de Santo Toribio, Ordenación sacerdotal--Perú--Lima, Deserción en escuelas profesionales--Perú--Lima