Movilización del concepto semejanza de triángulos en estudiantes de cuarto de secundaria por medio de las representaciones semióticas
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2021-12-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar cómo estudiantes de
cuarto de secundaria movilizan el concepto de la semejanza de triángulos por medio de
diferentes representaciones semióticas. Se realizó con estudiantes de cuarto grado de
educación secundaria de una institución educativa privada de Lima cuyas edades
estuvieron comprendidas entre 14 y 15 años. La problemática que dio origen a este
estudio se fundamentó en la dificultad que tienen los estudiantes para movilizar el
concepto de semejanza de triángulos en la solución de problemas, dificultad generada
por la enseñanza a través del uso directo de la proporción de semejanza, sin el tiempo
adecuado para desarrollarlo en clase y sin el empleo de algún software que facilite el
planteamiento de los problemas. Se utilizó como metodología aspectos de la Ingeniería
Didáctica y como referente teórico la Teoría de Registros de Representación Semiótica,
dando énfasis en el registro figural, en sus diversas aprehensiones. Con respecto a la
parte experimental de la investigación, se realizó una secuencia de tres actividades con
la intención que los estudiantes movilicen el concepto de semejanza de triángulos en la
resolución de problemas de la vida cotidiana utilizando tanto lápiz y papel y el
GeoGebra. En la primera actividad se abordó dos problemas con registro figural y
apoyados por el GeoGebra, en la segunda actividad se propuso un problema sin
registro figural pero apoyado por el GeoGebra y en la tercera actividad se planteó un
problema sin registro figural y sin apoyo del GeoGebra. Asimismo, se identificó los
cambios de registro de representación semiótica, así como la aprehensión perceptiva,
secuencial, operatoria y discursiva que movilizaron los estudiantes en la secuencia de
actividades y se concluyó que los estudiantes de cuarto grado de secundaria lograron
movilizar el concepto de semejanza de triángulos por medio de diferentes
representaciones semióticas y el GeoGebra.
The objective of this research work was to analyze how high school fourth grade students mobilize the concept of the similarity of triangles through different semiotic representations. It was carried out with fourth-grade students of secondary education from a private educational institution in Lima whose ages ranged from 14 to 15 years. The problem that gave rise to this study was based on the difficulty that students have in mobilizing the concept of similarity of triangles in solving problems, a difficulty generated by teaching through the direct use of the similarity ratio, without time suitable to develop it in class and without the use of some software that facilitates the approach of the problems. Aspects of Didactic Engineering were used as a methodology and the Theory of Registers of Semiotic Representation as a theoretical reference, emphasizing the figural register, in its various apprehensions. Regarding the experimental part of the research, a sequence of three activities was carried out with the intention that students mobilize the concept of similarity of triangles in solving problems of everyday life using both pencil and paper and GeoGebra. In the first activity two problems with figural registration and supported by GeoGebra were addressed, in the second activity a problem was proposed without figural registration but supported by GeoGebra and the third activity raised a problem without figural registration and without GeoGebra support. Likewise, the changes in the register of semiotic representation were identified, as well as the perceptual, sequential, operative and discursive apprehension that the students mobilized in the sequence of activities and it was concluded that the fourth-grade students of secondary school managed to mobilize the concept of similarity of triangles by medium of different semiotic representations and GeoGebra.
The objective of this research work was to analyze how high school fourth grade students mobilize the concept of the similarity of triangles through different semiotic representations. It was carried out with fourth-grade students of secondary education from a private educational institution in Lima whose ages ranged from 14 to 15 years. The problem that gave rise to this study was based on the difficulty that students have in mobilizing the concept of similarity of triangles in solving problems, a difficulty generated by teaching through the direct use of the similarity ratio, without time suitable to develop it in class and without the use of some software that facilitates the approach of the problems. Aspects of Didactic Engineering were used as a methodology and the Theory of Registers of Semiotic Representation as a theoretical reference, emphasizing the figural register, in its various apprehensions. Regarding the experimental part of the research, a sequence of three activities was carried out with the intention that students mobilize the concept of similarity of triangles in solving problems of everyday life using both pencil and paper and GeoGebra. In the first activity two problems with figural registration and supported by GeoGebra were addressed, in the second activity a problem was proposed without figural registration but supported by GeoGebra and the third activity raised a problem without figural registration and without GeoGebra support. Likewise, the changes in the register of semiotic representation were identified, as well as the perceptual, sequential, operative and discursive apprehension that the students mobilized in the sequence of activities and it was concluded that the fourth-grade students of secondary school managed to mobilize the concept of similarity of triangles by medium of different semiotic representations and GeoGebra.
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Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza (Secundaria), Geometría--Estudio y enseñanza (Secundaria), Educación secundaria--Investigaciones
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