Una cuestión de derechos humanos: ¿El rol del empleador en la problemática de violencia de género es suficiente?
Date
2024-01-18
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo determinar si el rol que actualmente tienen los
empleadores en la problemática de la violencia de género es el adecuado para coadyuvar
eficientemente a su erradicación. Partiendo de la hipótesis de que dicho rol no es suficiente,
y requiere de la implementación de algunas mejoras.
Para responder a la pregunta indicada, se ha utilizado una metodología cualitativa,
descriptiva y analítica, para estudiar diversas fuentes bibliográficas que pueden agruparse
en cinco categorías: (i) aquella vinculada a la definición, alcance y dimensión de la violencia
de género que se comete contra las mujeres, (ii) a la evolución histórica de los derechos
humanos de las mujeres, y aquellos que específicamente se vulneran con este tipo de
violencia, (iii) al rol que corresponde a los empleadores en materia de derechos humanos,
(iv) a todo el marco normativo que regula el rol de los empleadores en este tipo de violencia
en el caso peruano, y a (v) la experiencia comparada de los países de Colombia, Chile,
Argentina y España en cuanto a sus acciones para fomentar la autonomía económica de las
mujeres en especial estado de vulnerabilidad, y su inserción en el mercado laboral.
La investigación concluye que el rol de los empleadores no es suficiente, encontrándose
pendiente de cubrir de manera prioritaria el fomento de la autonomía económica de las
mujeres que se encuentran en especial estado de vulnerabilidad (mujeres que han sufrido
algún tipo de violencia de género, o que se encuentran en estado de pobreza o pobreza
extrema); para lo cual debe fomentarse su contratación laboral en empleos subordinados.
Finalmente, con base al análisis de las experiencias comparadas en la materia, se emiten
una serie de recomendaciones que se consideran importante para las mejoras de estas
acciones en el caso peruano.
The aim of this thesis research is to establish if the role that employers currently have in gender-based violence is adequate to contribute efficiently to its eradication. Starting from the hypothesis that this role is not enough and requires the implementation of some improvements. To answer that question, in this research I have used a qualitative, descriptive and analytical methodology to study different bibliographic sources that can be grouped into five categories: (i) about the definition, scope and real dimension of gender-based violence, (ii) about the historical evolution of women's human rights, and those that are specifically violated by this type of violence, (iii) about the role of employers in terms of human rights, (iv) about the entire regulatory framework that regulates the role of employers in this violence at Perú, and (v) the experiences of Colombia Chile, Argentina and Spain about the actions the do to promote women’s economic autonomy, specially, those who are un a special state of vulnerability, and to promote their labor hiring. The investigation concludes that the role of employers is not enough, and that the economic autonomy of women who are in a special state of vulnerability should be promoted (women who have suffered gender-based violence, or who are in a state of poverty or extreme poverty); for which their hiring in subordinate jobs should be encouraged. Finally, based on the analysis of the comparative experiences in the matter, they are given some recommendations that are considered important for the improvements of these actions in the Peruvian case.
The aim of this thesis research is to establish if the role that employers currently have in gender-based violence is adequate to contribute efficiently to its eradication. Starting from the hypothesis that this role is not enough and requires the implementation of some improvements. To answer that question, in this research I have used a qualitative, descriptive and analytical methodology to study different bibliographic sources that can be grouped into five categories: (i) about the definition, scope and real dimension of gender-based violence, (ii) about the historical evolution of women's human rights, and those that are specifically violated by this type of violence, (iii) about the role of employers in terms of human rights, (iv) about the entire regulatory framework that regulates the role of employers in this violence at Perú, and (v) the experiences of Colombia Chile, Argentina and Spain about the actions the do to promote women’s economic autonomy, specially, those who are un a special state of vulnerability, and to promote their labor hiring. The investigation concludes that the role of employers is not enough, and that the economic autonomy of women who are in a special state of vulnerability should be promoted (women who have suffered gender-based violence, or who are in a state of poverty or extreme poverty); for which their hiring in subordinate jobs should be encouraged. Finally, based on the analysis of the comparative experiences in the matter, they are given some recommendations that are considered important for the improvements of these actions in the Peruvian case.
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Keywords
Violencia contra la mujer--Perú, Violencia en el trabajo--Perú, Derecho laboral--Perú, Responsabilidad social de las empresas--Perú
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