La comunicación en la estructura orgánica de los ministerios del Poder Ejecutivo: propuesta de funciones y de perfil profesional del jefe o director de la Oficina de Comunicación
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2022-04-18
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El objetivo de este Proyecto de Comunicación es elaborar una propuesta de
funciones generales para las Oficinas de Comunicación de los ministerios del Poder
Ejecutivo del Perú, que otorgue a la comunicación una posición estratégica en su
estructura orgánica. Sobre esta base se propone un perfil para el profesional que las
dirija y una propuesta de organización para la oficina.
Este proyecto se sustenta en una investigación cualitativa de tipo exploratoria,
bibliográfica y documental que permite describir, analizar y comprender cómo se lleva a
cabo la comunicación en los ministerios bajo las normas vigentes. Se asume el enfoque
de la Nueva Teoría Estratégica (NTE), que plantea pasar de la fragmentación analítica
a la complejidad, de la racionalidad a la relacionalidad, de la emisión de información a
compartir significado, así como escuchar y dialogar para reconducir a un cauce común
las posiciones que se presentan como incompatibles.
Se revisan prácticas internacionales a la luz del debate sobre la comunicación
del Estado, que trasciende a los gobiernos. Luego, se realiza un análisis de los
documentos de gestión de los 18 ministerios que permite verificar que la comunicación
en estas entidades tiene un enfoque difusionista, instrumentalista y cortoplacista,
destinado a: a) resaltar la figura del personaje con mayor rango en la entidad, b)
promover las políticas del gobierno de turno y c) destacar la imagen pública de la
entidad.
Se propone además que las Oficinas de Comunicación de los ministerios se
transformen en Oficinas Generales, se incorporen al segundo nivel jerárquico
institucional de la entidad y dependan del despacho ministerial.
The objective of this Communication Project is to elaborate a proposal of general functions for the Communication Offices of the Ministries of the Peruvian Executive Branch, giving communication a strategic position in its organizational structure. On this basis, a profile for the professional who will direct them and an organizational proposal for the office are proposed. This project is based on a qualitative, exploratory, bibliographic and documentary research that allows describing, analyzing and understanding how communication is carried out in the ministries under the current regulations. It assumes the approach of the New Strategic Theory (NST), which proposes moving from analytical fragmentation to complexity, from rationality to relationality, from the emission of information to the sharing of meaning, as well as listening and dialogue to redirect the positions that appear to be incompatible to a common channel. International practices are reviewed in the light of the debate on State communication, which transcends governments. Then, an analysis of the management documents of the 18 ministries is carried out to verify that communication in these entities has a diffusionist, instrumentalist and short-term approach, aimed at: a) highlighting the figure of the highest-ranking person in the entity, b) promoting the policies of the government of the day and c) highlighting the public image of the entity. It is also proposed that the Communication Offices of the ministries be transformed into General Offices, be incorporated into the second institutional hierarchical level of the entity and report to the ministerial office.
The objective of this Communication Project is to elaborate a proposal of general functions for the Communication Offices of the Ministries of the Peruvian Executive Branch, giving communication a strategic position in its organizational structure. On this basis, a profile for the professional who will direct them and an organizational proposal for the office are proposed. This project is based on a qualitative, exploratory, bibliographic and documentary research that allows describing, analyzing and understanding how communication is carried out in the ministries under the current regulations. It assumes the approach of the New Strategic Theory (NST), which proposes moving from analytical fragmentation to complexity, from rationality to relationality, from the emission of information to the sharing of meaning, as well as listening and dialogue to redirect the positions that appear to be incompatible to a common channel. International practices are reviewed in the light of the debate on State communication, which transcends governments. Then, an analysis of the management documents of the 18 ministries is carried out to verify that communication in these entities has a diffusionist, instrumentalist and short-term approach, aimed at: a) highlighting the figure of the highest-ranking person in the entity, b) promoting the policies of the government of the day and c) highlighting the public image of the entity. It is also proposed that the Communication Offices of the ministries be transformed into General Offices, be incorporated into the second institutional hierarchical level of the entity and report to the ministerial office.
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Comunicación en política--Perú, Política de comunicación--Perú, Poder Ejecutivo--Perú
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