Informe jurídico sobre el caso “Inmunidades y Procedimientos Criminales” ante la Corte Internacional de Justicia
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El presente caso gira en torno al posible incumplimiento de Francia de sus
obligaciones internacionales frente a Guinea Ecuatorial al haber iniciado un
proceso penal contra el señor Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue, en ese
entonces Vicepresidente de Guinea Ecuatorial, y al haber llevado a cabo
acciones y diligencias en un edificio ubicado en la Avenida Foch N° 42, París.
Para dar respuesta a este problema principal, se tuvo en consideración las
disposiciones de la Convención de Viena de 1961 sobre Relaciones
Diplomáticas, la Convención de Palermo del año 2000, así como la doctrina
especializada sobre el tema y la jurisprudencia de la Corte Internacional de
Justicia que ha abordado algunos de los temas vinculados al problema principal.
En el análisis realizado se concluye que Francia no incumplió sus obligaciones
internacionales frente a Guinea Ecuatorial sobre los hechos alegados porque el
señor Obiang no tiene inmunidad personal que limite el accionar de los tribunales
franceses, y porque no se probó que el edificio de la Avenida Foch era propiedad
de Guinea Ecuatorial.
Finalmente, sobre la cuestión de las inmunidades de los locales de las misiones
diplomáticas, se concluye que las diligencias policiales llevadas a cabo por
Francia en el edificio no incumplen las disposiciones de la Convención de Viena
de 1961 porque se realizaron antes que ese edificio adquiera la condición de
local diplomático de Guinea Ecuatorial en Francia.
This case centers around a possible breach of international obligations by France towards Equatorial Guinea, regarding the initiation of an internal criminal proceeding against Mr. Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue, who was at that time Vice President of Equatorial Guinea, and for having carried out procedures in a building located at 42 Avenue Foch, Paris. To address the main problem of the case, the analysis of the case considered the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961, the Palermo Convention of 2000, the specialized legal doctrine regarding the related topics and cases resolved by the International Court of Justice regarding the juridical matters related to this case. The conclusions of this legal analysis show that France did not breach its international obligations towards Equatorial Guinea regarding the alleged events because Mr. Obiang does not have personal immunity regarding the internal procedures conducted by French courts, and Equatorial Guinea did not prove that the building located in 42 Avenue Foch belonged to this State. Finally, regarding the immunity of diplomatic premises, this analysis shows that the police procedures carried out by France in the building did not breach the obligations of the Vienna Convention of 1961, as they were conducted before the building acquired the status of diplomatic premises of Equatorial Guinea in France.
This case centers around a possible breach of international obligations by France towards Equatorial Guinea, regarding the initiation of an internal criminal proceeding against Mr. Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue, who was at that time Vice President of Equatorial Guinea, and for having carried out procedures in a building located at 42 Avenue Foch, Paris. To address the main problem of the case, the analysis of the case considered the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961, the Palermo Convention of 2000, the specialized legal doctrine regarding the related topics and cases resolved by the International Court of Justice regarding the juridical matters related to this case. The conclusions of this legal analysis show that France did not breach its international obligations towards Equatorial Guinea regarding the alleged events because Mr. Obiang does not have personal immunity regarding the internal procedures conducted by French courts, and Equatorial Guinea did not prove that the building located in 42 Avenue Foch belonged to this State. Finally, regarding the immunity of diplomatic premises, this analysis shows that the police procedures carried out by France in the building did not breach the obligations of the Vienna Convention of 1961, as they were conducted before the building acquired the status of diplomatic premises of Equatorial Guinea in France.
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Derecho penal internacional--Jurisprudencia, Corte Internacional de Justicia--Jurisprudencia, Relaciones internacionales, Servicio diplomático consular, Guinea ecuatorial--Relaciones exteriores--Francia
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