Informe Jurídico sobre la Resolución No. 393-2019- SUNARP-TR-L: la problemática en la constitución de MYPES
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
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El presente informe tiene por finalidad realizar un análisis jurídico de la Resolución
No. 393-2019- SUNARP-TR-L, mediante la cual el Tribunal Registral dispuso la
inscripción de CASH CORPORATION S.A.C., una MYPE que se adecuó al D.S.
013-2013-PRODUCE. De acuerdo a su artículo 10, se acredita el aporte mediante
una declaración jurada, siendo una excepción a la regla general de presentar un
comprobante del depósito, como dispone el Reglamento de Registro de
Sociedades. Sin embargo, se advierte que el art. 10 adolece de una laguna jurídica
referido a la forma en la que se debe acreditar la condición de MYPE para así poder
aplicar la excepción.
En ese sentido, primero se analiza el rol de las instancias registrales y su actividad
calificadora, conforme a principios registrales. Luego se examina si es posible
aplicar la norma a pesar de no haberse acreditado la condición de MYPE de manera
fehaciente. Finalmente, se debate de si la declaración jurada puede reemplazar al
documento que emiten las Entidades del Sistemas Financiero para acreditar los
aportes dinerarios.
Se concluye que el Tribunal Registral ha excedido sus funciones afectando el
principio de legalidad. Así también, el principio de legitimación puede verse afectado
si se inscribe una empresa de la cual no se tiene certeza acerca de su condición
como MYPE. Finalmente, se determina que una declaración jurada no tiene el
mismo valor que un comprobante de depósito, por lo que esta norma afecta
principios registrales y societarios referidos al capital social y los aportes.
The purpose of this report is to conduct a legal analysis of Resolution No. 393-2019- SUNARP-TR-L, through which the Registry Tribunal ordered the registration of CASH CORPORATION S.A.C., a micro and small enterprise (MYPE) that was adapted in accordance with Supreme Decree No. 013-2013-PRODUCE. Pursuant to Article 10, the capital contribution is evidenced by means of an affidavit, constituting an exception to the general rule that requires submission of a deposit receipt, as established in the Regulations on the Registration of Companies. However, it is observed that Article 10 contains a legal gap regarding the manner in which MYPE status must be accredited in order to apply such exception. In this regard, the role of the registry bodies and their qualifying function is first analyzed, in accordance with registry principles. Subsequently, it is examined whether the rule may be applied despite the lack of reliable proof of MYPE status. Finally, the analysis addresses whether an affidavit may replace the document issued by entities of the financial system as proof of monetary contributions. It is concluded that the Registry Tribunal exceeded its authority, thereby affecting the principle of legality. Likewise, the principle of legitimacy may be compromised if a company is registered without certainty regarding its status as a micro and small enterprise (MYPE). Lastly, it is determined that an affidavit does not carry the same legal value as a deposit receipt; therefore, this regulation undermines registry and corporate law principles relating to share capital and capital contributions.
The purpose of this report is to conduct a legal analysis of Resolution No. 393-2019- SUNARP-TR-L, through which the Registry Tribunal ordered the registration of CASH CORPORATION S.A.C., a micro and small enterprise (MYPE) that was adapted in accordance with Supreme Decree No. 013-2013-PRODUCE. Pursuant to Article 10, the capital contribution is evidenced by means of an affidavit, constituting an exception to the general rule that requires submission of a deposit receipt, as established in the Regulations on the Registration of Companies. However, it is observed that Article 10 contains a legal gap regarding the manner in which MYPE status must be accredited in order to apply such exception. In this regard, the role of the registry bodies and their qualifying function is first analyzed, in accordance with registry principles. Subsequently, it is examined whether the rule may be applied despite the lack of reliable proof of MYPE status. Finally, the analysis addresses whether an affidavit may replace the document issued by entities of the financial system as proof of monetary contributions. It is concluded that the Registry Tribunal exceeded its authority, thereby affecting the principle of legality. Likewise, the principle of legitimacy may be compromised if a company is registered without certainty regarding its status as a micro and small enterprise (MYPE). Lastly, it is determined that an affidavit does not carry the same legal value as a deposit receipt; therefore, this regulation undermines registry and corporate law principles relating to share capital and capital contributions.
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Pequeñas empresas--Legislación--Perú, Derecho tributario--Legislación--Perú, Registros públicos--Jurisprudencia--Perú